Miko

Miko di Kuil Ikuta.

Miko (巫女) adalah istilah dalam agama Shinto[1] di Jepang, merujuk pada wanita kuil (jinja)[2] atau pendeta-wanita pendamping[3] yang dulu pernah dipandang sebagai dukun[4] tetapi dalam budaya Jepang modern pekerjaan tersebut dikenali sebagai peran secara adat[5] dalam kehidupan di kuil sehari-hari, terlatih untuk mengerjakan tugas mulai dari melakukan penyucian[6] hingga melakukan Kagura,[7] suatu tarian suci.

Deskripsi fisik

Para miko memakai hakama merah dan haori putih.

Pakaian tradisional miko adalah hakama (sejenis celana panjang longgar) berwarna merah atau rok panjang berlipat, dengan haori (jaket kimono) putih, serta pita rambut putih atau merah. Dalam agama Shinto, warna putih melambangkan kesucian.

Peralatan miko tradisional meliputi azusayumi (梓弓 atau "busur kayu azusa")[8] tamagushi (玉串 atau "persembahan cabang pohon sakaki")[9] dan gehōbako (外法箱 atau "kotak supernatural yang berisi boneka, tengkorak manusia dan hewan ... [dan] tasbih Shinto").[10]

Miko juga menggunakan "lonceng, gendang, lilin, dan semangkuk nasi"[11] dalam upacara.

Definisi

Miko atau fujo — "dukun wanita; gadis kuil"[12] — dalam bahasa Jepang biasanya ditulis 巫女[12] yang merupakan gabungan huruf kanji 巫 "dukun; medium", dan 女 "wanita; perempuan".[12] Miko dahulu ditulis 神子 (secara harfiah berarti "anak dewa")[12] dan 巫子 ("anak dukun").

Lihat pula

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Groemer, 28.
  2. ^ Aston, 101
  3. ^ North-China herald, 571
  4. ^ Picken, 140.
  5. ^ Groemer, 29.
  6. ^ Picken, 140.
  7. ^ Hearn, 246
  8. ^ Fairchild, 76
  9. ^ Fairchild, 77.
  10. ^ Fairchild, 78
  11. ^ Folklore Society, 307
  12. ^ a b c d Kokugo Dai Jiten Dictionary, Revised edition, Shogakukan, 1988.

Bacaan lebih lanjut

Pranala luar

Lihat entri 巫女 di kamus bebas Wiktionary.
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Miko.
  • Miko, Encyclopedia of Shinto entry
Ikon rintisan

Artikel bertopik Shinto ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

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