Mazhab Kopenhagen (hubungan internasional)

Mazhab Kopenhagen dalam studi keamanan adalah aliran akademik yang dirintis oleh teoriwan hubungan internasional Barry Buzan lewat bukunya, People, States and Fear: The National Security Problem in International Relations, yang pertama kali diterbitkan tahun 1983. Mazhab Kopenhagen lebih menekankan aspek-aspek sosial dari keamanan. Teoriwan yang sering dikaitkan dengan mazhab ini adalah Barry Buzan, Ole Wæver and Jaap de Wilde. Banyak pengikut mazhab ini yang bekerja di Copenhagen Peace Research Institute.

Buku acuan utama Mazhab Kopenhagen adalah Security: A New Framework for Analysis karya Buzan, Wæver, dan de Wilde.[1]

Teori ini berfokus pada tiga konsep utama:

  1. Sektor
  2. Kompleks keamanan kawasan
  3. Sekuritisasi

Kritik

Kritik yang dilontarkan terhadap mazhab Kopenhagen adalah pendekatannya yang terlalu eurosentris terhadap keamanan.[2] Kaum realis juga berpendapat bahwa perluasan agenda keamanan mazhab Kopenhagen akan menciptakan "ketidakselarasan intelektual" dalam studi keamanan.[3] Lene Hansen mengkritik tidak adanya gender dalam pendekatan mazhab Kopenhagen.[4] Kritikus lainnya berfokus pada peran analis keamanan dan sifat konservatif mazhab Kopenhagen.[5]

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Buzan, B., Wæver, O. and De Wilde, J. (1998). Security: A New Framework for Analysis. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner Pub.
  2. ^ Wilkinson (2007) The Copenhagen School on Tour in Kyrgyzstan: Is Securitization Theory Useable Outside Europe?, Security Dialogue March 2007 vol. 38no. 1 5-25
  3. ^ Buzan, B., Wæver, O. and de Wilde, J. (1998), Security: A New Framework for Analysis, Boulder, CO: Lynne Reinner, p 2
  4. ^ Hansen, Lene (2000) 'The Little Mermaid's Silent Security Dilemma and the Absence of Gender in the Copenhagen School',Millennium - Journal of International Studies, 29: 285-306
  5. ^ See Huysmans, ‘Revisiting Copenhagen’; Johan Eriksson, ‘Observers or Advocates?: On the Political Role of Security Analysts’, Cooperation and Conflict 34, no. 3 (1999): 311-3; and Giovanni Arcudi, ‘La Sécurité Entre Permanence et Changement’, Relations Internationales, no. 125 (2006): 97-109

Bacaan lanjutan

  • Barry Buzan, Ole Wæver & Jaap de Wilde (1998), Security: A New Framework for Analysis, Lynne Rienne
  • Bill McSweeney, ‘Identity and security: Buzan and the Copenhagen school’, Review of International Studies, 22:1 (1996) 81-93.

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