Marvin Gaye

Marvin Gaye
Marvin Gaye
	Gaye pada 1973
Informasi latar belakang
Nama lahir	Marvin Pentz Gay Jr.
Lahir	2 April 1939; Washington, D.C., Amerika Serikat
Meninggal	1 April 1984 (umur 44); Los Angeles, California, Amerika Serikat
Genre	R&B; soul; psychedelic soul; funk; jazz; pop;
Pekerjaan	Penyanyi; Penulis lagu; Produser rekaman;
Instrumen	Vokal; Piano; Keyboards; Penyintesis; Drum;
Tahun aktif	1957–1984
Label	Tamla; Tamla-Motown; Columbia;
Artis terkait	Harvey Fuqua; Mary Wells; Kim Weston; Tammi Terrell; Diana Ross;

Marvin Gaye (nama lahir: Marvin Pentz Gay Jr; 2 April 1939 – 1 April 1984)^[1] adalah penyanyi, penulis lagu, dan produser rekaman berkebangsaan Amerika Serikat. Gaye sebagai musikus yang banyak berpengaruh terhadap gaya musik ala Motown pada dasawarsa 1960-an, sebagai pemain sesi panggung Motown, dan kemudian sebagai musikus solo dengan serangkaian hit, sehingga dijuluki "Pangeran Motown" dan "Pangeran Musik Soul".

Lagu-lagu Gaye di Motown termasuk "Ain't That Peculiar", "How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved By You)", dan "I Heard It Through the Grapevine", serta rekaman duet dengan Mary Wells, Kim Weston, Diana Ross, dan Tammi Terrell . Selama tahun 1970-an, ia merekam album What's Going On dan Let's Get It On dan menjadi salah satu artis ternama pertama di Motown, bersama dengan Stevie Wonder, yang tidak bergantung sepenuhnya oleh Motown. Rekamannya kemudian mempengaruhi beberapa subgenre R&B kontemporer, seperti quiet storm dan neo soul.^[2] Setelah sempat lama di Eropa karena menghindari pajak dalam negeri pada awal 1980-an, Gaye merilis hit 1982 "Sexual Healing", yang memenangkan Grammy Awards pertamanya, dan album induknya Midnight Love.^[3] Penampilan terakhir Gaye di televisi pada All-Star Game NBA 1983, di mana ia menyanyikan "The Star-Spangled Banner", Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever; dan Soul Train yang merupakan penampilan ketiga dan terakhirnya.^[4]

Pada 1 April 1984, Marvin Gaye dibunuh oleh ayahnya, Marvin Gay Sr. Ia ditembak oleh ayahnya dengan cara menggunakan pistol dari jarak dekat, di rumah mereka di distrik West Adams, Los Angeles.^[5]^[6] Sejak kematiannya, banyak institusi yang telah memberikan penghargaan kepada Gaye secara anumerta termasuk Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, dan menjadi anggota abadi Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame, Songwriters Hall of Fame, dan Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.^[7]

Diskografi

Album studio

The Soulful Moods of Marvin Gaye (1961)
That Stubborn Kinda Fellow (1963)
When I'm Alone I Cry (1964)
Hello Broadway (1964)
How Sweet It Is to Be Loved by You (1965)
A Tribute to the Great Nat "King" Cole (1965)
Moods of Marvin Gaye (1966)
I Heard It Through the Grapevine (1968)
M.P.G. (1969)
That's the Way Love Is (1970)
What's Going On (1971)
Trouble Man (1972)
Let's Get It On (1973)
I Want You (1976)
Here, My Dear (1978)
In Our Lifetime (1981)
Midnight Love (1982)

Album kolaborasi

Together (bersama Mary Wells) (1964)
Take Two (bersama Kim Weston) (1966)
United (bersama Tammi Terrell) (1967)
You're All I Need (bersama Tammi Terrell) (1968)
Easy (bersama Tammi Terrell) (1969)
Diana & Marvin (bersama Diana Ross) (1973)

Filmografi

1965: TAMI Show (dokumenter)
1969: The Ballad of Andy Crocker (film televisi)
1971: Chrome and Hot Leather (film televisi)
1973: Save the Children (dokumenter)

Videografi

Marvin Gaye: Live in Montreux 1980 (2003) ^[8]
The Real Thing: In Performance (1964–1981) (2006)

Referensi

^ Simmonds 2008, hlm. 190–192.
^ Weisbard, Eric; Marks, Craig (October 10, 1995). Spin Alternative Record Guide (Ratings 1–10) (edisi ke-1st edi.). New York: Vintage Books. hlm. 202–205. ISBN 0-679-75574-8. OCLC 32508105.
^ "Marvin Gaye". GRAMMY.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2019-06-04. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 17, 2017. Diakses tanggal 2019-06-09.
^ Batchelor 2005, hlm. 41–43.
^ "Marvin Gaye House". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 25 April 2013. Diakses tanggal 18 Juni 2012.
^ Communications, Emmis (Januari 1998). Dial Them For Murder. Los Angeles Magazine. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 5 Juli 2014. Diakses tanggal 13 September 2012.
^ "Marvin Gaye Timeline". The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 21 Januari 1987. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 1 Mei 2011. Diakses tanggal 23 Desember 2010.
^ "Marvin Gaye – Live in Montreux 1980: Marvin Gaye: Movies & TV". Amazon.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal May 24, 2011. Diakses tanggal July 8, 2011.

Bacaan lebih lanjut

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Batchelor, Bob (2005). Basketball in America: From the Playgrounds to Jordan's Game and Beyond. Haworth Press. ISBN 0-7890-1613-3.
Berry, William Earl (February 1, 1973). "Marvin Gaye: Inner City Musical Poet". Jet.
Brooks-Bertram, Peggy (2009). Uncrowned Queens: African American Women Community Builders of Western New York, Volume 2 (Google eBook). SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-97229-771-4.
Browne, Ray B. (2001). The Guide to United States Popular Culture. Popular Press. ISBN 978-0-87972-821-2.
Collier, Aldore (April 16, 1984). "Marvin Gaye: His Tragic Death and Troubled Life". Jet.
Collier, Aldore (June 25, 1984). "Marvin Gaye's White Live-In Mate Suffers Miscarriage". Jet.
Collier, Aldore (April 8, 1985). "A Year Later: What Happened to Marvin Gaye's Family, Fortune?". Jet.
Collier, Aldore (May 6, 1985). "Book Reveals Marvin Gaye Feared He Would Turn Gay". Jet.
Collier, Aldore (May 25, 1987). "Marvin Gaye's Mother Dies on Eve of Opening Drug Center She Founded As His Memorial". Jet.
Collier, Aldore (October 15, 1990). "Gala Celebration Marks Marvin Gaye's Star on Hollywood Walk of Fame". Jet.
Collier, Aldore (April 23, 1990). "Murphy Requests Walk of Fame Star For Marvin Gaye". Jet.
Des Barres, Pamela (1996). Rock Bottom: Dark Moments in Music Babylon. Macmillan. ISBN 0-312-14853-4.
Dyson, Eric Michael (2004). Mercy Mercy Me: The Art, Loves and Demons of Marvin Gaye. New York/Philadelphia: Basic Civitas. ISBN 0-465-01769-X. ^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}
Edmonds, Ben (2001a). What's Going On?: Marvin Gaye and the Last Days of the Motown Sound. Canongate U.S. ISBN 1-84195-314-8.
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Company, Johnson Publishing (April 9, 1970). "Thousands Attend Last Rites For Tammi Terrell". Jet.
Company, Johnson Publishing (November 13, 1975). "For Reading: Marvin Gaye receives special plaque from Ms. Shirley Temple Black". Jet.
Company, Johnson Publishing (March 29, 1982). "Landing Marvin Gaye Was a Task For CBS Records". Jet.
Jones, Regina (March 2002). "Unbreakable: Michael Jackson". Vibe. ^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}
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