Mamut

Mamut
Klasifikasi ilmiah Sunting klasifikasi ini
Domain: Eukaryota
Kerajaan: Animalia
Filum: Chordata
Kelas: Mammalia
Ordo: Proboscidea
Famili: Elephantidae
Subfamili: Elephantinae
Tribus: Elephantini
Genus: †Mammuthus
Brookes, 1828
Spesies
Sinonim
  • Archidiskodon Pohling, 1888
  • Parelephas Osborn, 1924
  • Mammonteus

Mamut adalah genus gajah purba yang telah punah. Ukuran tubuhnya lebih besar daripada gajah normal yang ada di dunia saat ini. Gadingnya melingkar membentuk kurva ke arah dalam dan, dalam spesies utara, dengan rambut panjang. Mereka hidup dalam masa Pleistosen sejak 1,6 juta tahun lalu sampai sekitar 10.000 tahun lalu. Tetapi penemuan terbaru menunjukkan bahwa populasi mamut terakhir hidup jauh lebih lama di pulau terpencil dekat Lingkar Arktik bernama Pulau Wrangel sekitar 4.000 tahun yang lalu hingga manusia pertama datang ke pulau itu.[1][2] Kata mamut berasal dari bahasa Rusia (мамонт).

Ada kesalahpahaman bahwa mamut lebih besar dari gajah. Spesies terbesar mamut yang diketahui, Mammoth Sungai Songhua, memiliki tinggi sekurangnya 5 meter pada pundaknya. Mamut umumnya memiliki berat 6-8 ton, tetapi mamut jantan yang besar beratnya dapat mencapai 12 ton. Gading mamut sepanjang 3,3 meter ditemukan di utara Lincoln, Illinois tahun 2005. Sebagian besar spesies mamut memiliki ukuran sebesar Gajah Asia modern.

Lihat pula

Pranala luar

Bacaan lebih lanjut

  • Lister, Adrian; Bahn, Paul. Mammoths. London: MacMillan, 1994 (ISBN 0-02-572985-3).
  • Martin, Paul S. Twilight of the mammoths: Ice Age extinctions and the rewilding of America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005 (ISBN 0-520-23141-4).
  • Stone, Richard. Mammoths: The resurrection of an Ice Age giant. London: Fourth Estate, 2001 (ISBN 1-84115-518-7)

Referensi

  1. ^ Vartanyan, S. L.; Arslanov, Kh A.; Tertychnaya, T. V.; Chernov, S. B. (1995-01). "Radiocarbon Dating Evidence for Mammoths on Wrangel Island, Arctic Ocean, Until 2000 BC". Radiocarbon (dalam bahasa Inggris). 37 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1017/S0033822200014703. ISSN 0033-8222. 
  2. ^ Harari, Yuval Noah (2017). Sapiens. Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia. hlm. 81. ISBN 978-602-424-416-3. 
Mammuthus
Mammuthus

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