Makemake (planet katai)

Makemake 🝼
Makemake dan satelit alaminya S/2015 (136472) 1 dilihat oleh Teleskop Luar Angkasa Hubble, April 2015
Penemuan
Ditemukan olehMichael E. Brown,
Chad Trujillo,
David Rabinowitz
Tanggal penemuan31 Maret 2005
Penamaan
Penamaan
(136472) Makemake
2005 FY9
Planet katai, Plutoid, Objek trans-Neptunus (cubewano)[1]
Ciri-ciri orbit[2][3]
Epos 28 Januari 1955 (hari Julian 2 435 135,5)
Aphelion7.939,7 Gm (53,074 sa)
Perihelion5.760,8 Gm (38,509 sa)
6.850,3 Gm (45,791 sa)
Eksentrisitas0,159
113,183 hari (309,88 tahun)
Kecepatan orbit rata-rata
4,419 km/det
85,13°
Inklinasi28,96°
79,382°
298,41°
Ciri-ciri fisik
Dimensi1.300–1.900 km
Jari-jari rata-rata
750+200 km[4]
~7.000.000 km²
Volume~1,8 × 109 km³
Massa~4 × 1021 kg
Massa jenis rata-rata
~2 g/cm³ (asumsi)
~0,47 m/s²
~0,84 km/s
tak diketahui
tak diketahui
Albedo78,2+10,3 (geometrik)[4]
Suhu30–35 K [d](asumsi albedo yang sama)
16,7 (oposisi)[5][6]
-0,48[3]

Makemake (simbol: ;[7] pengucapan bahasa Inggris: [ˌmɑːkiːˈmɑːkiː], atau dalam Rapanui [ˈmakeˈmake] [8]), secara resmi disebut (136472) Makemake, adalah planet katai di Tata Surya yang terletak di sabuk Kuiper. Diameter planet katai ini kira-kira sekitar tiga per empat Pluto.[9] Makemake memiliki satu satelit alami. Rata-rata suhunya yang sangat rendah (sekitar 30 K) menunjukkan bahwa lapisan Makemake terdiri dari metana, etana dan kemungkinan es nitrogen.[9]

Nama

Nama Makemake berasal dari nama dewa pencipta dan kesuburan di Pulau Paskah.[10]

Karakteristik Fisik

Permukaan Makemake diyakini didominasi oleh metana. Konsentrasi metana di planet katai ini lebih besar daripada objek besar luar Tata Surya lainnya.[11] Hal ini menjadikan Makemake merupakan objek yang sangat baik untuk mempelajari efek radiasi metana.[12]

Kelimpahan metana di permukaan Makemake disebabkan karena posisinya yang berada pada batas transisi antara "objek yang mampu mempertahankan atmosfer nitrogen" dan "objek yang kehilangan nitrogen secara signifikan", sehingga metana yang kurang volatil menjadi komponen utama di planet katai ini.[13]

Satelit

S/2015 (136472) 1
Satelit alami Makemake (dilingkari) oleh Teleskop Luar Angkasa Hubble
Penemuan[14]
Ditemukan oleh
Tanggal penemuanApril 2015
Penamaan
MK2 (tidak resmi)[15]
Ciri-ciri orbit[14]
>21,000 km
EksentrisitasTidak diketahui
>12.4 hari
Satelit dariMakemake
Ciri-ciri fisik
Jari-jari rata-rata
~ 87.5 km [14]
~ 0.1
0.04[14]
25.1

S/2015 (136472) 1, dijuluki MK2 oleh tim penemu,[16] adalah satu-satunya bulan Makemake yang diketahui.[17][18][19]

Pranala luar

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ "MPEC 2009-P26 :Distant Minor Planets (2009 AUG. 17.0 TT)". IAU Minor Planet Center. 2009-08-07. Diakses tanggal 2009-08-28. 
  2. ^ Marc W. Buie (2008-04-05). "Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 136472". SwRI (Space Science Department). Diakses tanggal 2008-07-13. 
  3. ^ a b "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 136472 (2005 FY9)". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. 2010-01-26. Diakses tanggal 2008-06-11.  Teks "last obs" akan diabaikan (bantuan)
  4. ^ a b J. Stansberry, W. Grundy, M. Brown; et al. (February 2007). "Physical Properties of Kuiper Belt and Centaur Objects: Constraints from Spitzer Space Telescope". The Solar System beyond Neptune. University of Arizona Press. arXiv:astro-ph/0702538. 
  5. ^ "AstDys (136472) Makemake Ephemerides". Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-19. 
  6. ^ "Asteroid 136472 Makemake (2005 FY9)". HORIZONS Web-Interface. JPL Solar System Dynamics. Diakses tanggal 2008-07-01. 
  7. ^ JPL/NASA (2015-04-22). "What is a Dwarf Planet?". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Diakses tanggal 2022-01-19. 
  8. ^ Robert D. Craig (2004). Handbook of Polynesian Mythology. ABC-CLIO. hlm. 63. ISBN 1576078949. Diakses tanggal 2008-07-14. 
  9. ^ a b Michael E. Brown (2006). "The discovery of 2003 UB313 Eris, the 10th planet largest known dwarf planet". California Institute of Technology. Diakses tanggal 2008-07-14. 
  10. ^ "Dwarf Planets and their Systems". Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). U.S. Geological Survey. 2008-11-07. Diakses tanggal 2008-07-13. 
  11. ^ Brown, M.E.; Barkume, K.M.; Blake, G.A.; Schaller, E.L.; Rabinowitz, D.L.; Roe, H.G.; Trujillo, C.A. (26 September 2006), "Methane and Ethane on the Bright Kuiper Belt Object 2005 FY9", The Astronomical Journal, 133 (1): 284–289 
  12. ^ Brown, M.E.; Schaller, E.L.; Blake, G.A. (19 February 2015), "Irradiation Products on Dwarf Planet Makemake", The Astronomical Journal, 149 (3): 105 
  13. ^ Schaller; Brown, M.E. (14 March 2007), "Volatile Loss and Retention on Kuiper Belt Objects", The Astronomical Journal, 659 (31): L61 
  14. ^ a b c d Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama ParkerA2016
  15. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama hubblesite
  16. ^ "HubbleSite – NewsCenter – Hubble Discovers Moon Orbiting the Dwarf Planet Makemake (04/26/2016) – The Full Story"". hubblesite.org. Diakses tanggal 17/08/2019. 
  17. ^ Noll, Keith S.; Grundy, Will M.; Buie, Marc W.; Parker, Alex H. (2016-04-25). "Discovery of a Makemakean Moon" (dalam bahasa Inggris). doi:10.3847/2041-8205/825/1/L9. 
  18. ^ Chang, Kenneth (2016-04-26). "Makemake, the Moonless Dwarf Planet, Has a Moon After All". The New York Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). ISSN 0362-4331. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-17. 
  19. ^ Parker, A. (2016-05-02). "A Moon for Makemake". Planetary Society blogs. Planetary Society. (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2019-08-17. 
Navigasi planet minor
Didahului oleh:
(136471) 2005 FJ7
Makemake (planet katai) Diikuti oleh:
136473 Bakosgáspár


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