Maatschappij ter Bevordering van het Natuurkundig Onderzoek der Nederlandsche Koloniën

Maatschappij ter Bevordering van het Natuurkundig Onderzoek der Nederlandsche Koloniën atau Perhimpunan untuk Pemajuan Penelitian Ilmu Alam di Daerah Koloni Belanda berdiri pada 14 Mei 1890 di Amsterdam. Perhimpunan ini lebih dikenal sebagai Perhimpunan Treub atas nama pendirinya, Melchior Treub. Tujuannya adalah memperbanyak pengetahuan tentang ilmu alam di koloni-koloni Belanda.

Ilmu tersebut semestinya mendukung ilmu dasar dan perhatian terhadap pertanian dan industri. Oleh karena itu, sejak akhir abad ke-19 sampai Perang Dunia II, ekspedisi-ekspedisi yang dilakukan perhimpunan ini melengkapi fakta atas hal-hal yang belum diketahui oleh pihak kerajaan urusan luar negeri.

Sejumlah pelayaran ekspedisi klasik dan terkenal, antara lain ke Borneo dan Nugini Belanda, dilangsungkan dengan dukungan dan wewenang di bawah Indisch Comité voor Wetenschappelijke Onderzoekingen (Komite Penelitian Ilmiah Hindia Belanda). Lembaga tersebut merupakan organisasi saudara perhimpunan ini yang berada di Batavia, Hindia Belanda.

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