Ma Haiyan

Ma Haiyan
Lahir馬海晏 1837
County Linxia, Gansu
Meninggal1900
PengabdianFlag of the Qing dynasty Dinasti Qing
Lama dinas1877–1900
PangkatJenderal
Perang/pertempuranPemberontakan Dungan (1862)
Pemberontakan Dungan (1895)
Pemberontakan Boxer
Ma Haiyan
Hanzi tradisional: 馬海晏
Hanzi sederhana: 马海晏
Dalam artikel ini, nama keluarganya adalah Ma.

Ma Haiyan (1837–1900) adalah jenderal Muslim Hui Dinasti Qing. Awalnya seorang pemberontak, ia membelot ke Qing selama Pemberontakan Dungan dan membantu menghancurkan Muslim pemberontak.[1]

Dia adalah ayah dari Ma Qi, Ma Lin[2] dan Ma Feng 馬風.

Dong Fuxiang, Ma Anliang dan Ma Haiyan awalnya dipanggil ke Beijing selama Perang Tiongkok-Jepang Pertama pada 1894, tetapi meletus Pemberontakan Dungan (1895) dan mereka kemudian dikirim untuk menghancurkan para pemberontak tersebut.[3]

Selama Reformasi Seratus Hari pada 1898 Dong Fuxiang, Ma Anliang dan Ma Haiyan dipanggil ke Beijing guna membantu mengakhiri gerakan reformasi bersama dengan Ma Fuxi dan Ma Fuxiang.[3]

Dia berperang melawan Aliansi Delapan Negara asing dalam Pemberontakan Boxer bersama keponakannya Ma Biao yang berdinas di bawah pimpinannya, mengepung Katedral Xishiku dan kantor kedutaan asing. Mereka akhirnya berhasil mengalahkan Aliansi dalam Pertempuran Langfang. Ma Haiyan meninggal karena kelelahan saat dia dan Tentara Gansu mengawal keluarga Kekaisaran ke tempat yang aman.[4] Putranya, Ma Qi mengambil alih posisinya.

Ma Biao adalah putra tertua Ma Haiqing 馬海清, yang merupakan adik keenam Ma Haiyan, kakek dari Ma Bufang.[5] Ma Haiyuan (Ma Hai-yüan) 馬海淵 adalah adik ketujuh dari Ma Haiyan, ayah dari Ma Guzhong dan Ma Bao (Ma Pao) 馬寶 serta kakek dari Ma Zhongying.

Referensi

  1. ^ Jun Jing (1998). The Temple of Memories: History, Power, and Morality in a Chinese Village. Stanford University Press. hlm. 25. ISBN 0-8047-2757-0. 
  2. ^ University of Cambridge. Mongolia & Inner Asia Studies Unit (2002). Inner Asia, Volume 4, Issues 1-2. The White Horse Press for the Mongolia and Inner Asia Studies Unit at the University of Cambridge. hlm. 204. 
  3. ^ a b "董福祥与西北马家军阀的的故事 – 360Doc个人图书馆". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 14 December 2018. Diakses tanggal 30 October 2014. 
  4. ^ "民国少数民族将军(组图)2–360Doc个人图书馆". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 14 December 2018. Diakses tanggal 30 October 2014. 
  5. ^ "民国少数民族将军(组图)2 – 360Doc个人图书馆". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 14 December 2018. Diakses tanggal 30 October 2014. 


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