Leksem

Leksem (léksém) adalah satuan kata terkecil dalam sebuah bahasa dan biasa dimasukkan sebagai entri atau lemma dalam sebuah kamus. Menurut KBBI, arti kata leksem adalah: 1). satuan leksikal dasar yang abstrak yang mendasari berbagai bentuk kata; 2). satuan terkecil dalam leksikon.[1]

Leksem tidak sama dengan morfem yang merupakan satuan bahasa terkecil yang memiliki makna, sebab leksem mewakili suatu konsep atau simbol tertentu. Tidak selalu sama pula dengan kata, sebab kata merupakan satuan bahasa yang dapat berdiri sendiri,[2] sedangkan leksem dapat berbentuk frasa. Sebagai contoh, dalam bahasa Ekari, kata dimibeu mewakili simbol yang sama dengan frasa orang gila dalam bahasa Melayu-Indonesia. Keduanya merupakan leksem untuk simbol yang sama dalam bahasa masing-masing meskipun dimibeu terdiri dari satu kata sementara orang gila terdiri dari dua kata. Kata orang dan gila dalam frasa tersebut tidak dapat dipisahkan sebab orang saja atau gila saja mewakili simbol yang berbeda dari frasa orang gila.

Referensi

  1. ^ Setiawan, Ebta. "Arti kata leksem - Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Online". kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id. Diakses tanggal 2017-10-03. 
  2. ^ Setiawan, Ebta. "Arti kata kata - Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Online". kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id. Diakses tanggal 2017-10-03. 

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