Latinisasi bahasa Tionghoa

"Bahasa nasional" (國語, Guóyǔ) ditulis dalam aksara Tradisional dan aksara Sederhana, diikuti oleh romanisasi Hanyu Pinyin, Gwoyeu Romatzyh, Wade-Giles dan Yale.

Romanisasi aksara Han adalah penggunaan alfabet Latin untuk menulis atau menerjemahkan aksara Han dan bahasa lisan yang digunakan di Tiongkok. Bahasa Mandarin menggunakan aksara Han dan skrip logografi yang tidak secara langsung mewakili fonem. Sepanjang sejarah, telah banyak sistem romanisasi yang telah digunakan untuk memberi informasi tentang Tiongkok. Ahli bahasa Daniel Kane mengatakan, "Dahulu dikatakan bahwa sinolog harus seperti musisi, yang dapat mengarang dalam satu kunci dan dengan mudah menuliskannya ke dalam kunci lainnya."[1] Standar internasional yang dominan untuk meromanisasi Putonghua sejak sekitar 1982 adalah Hanyu Pinyin. Sistem terkenal lainnya termasuk Wade-Giles dan Romanisasi Yale (untuk bahasa mandarin dan Kanton).

Ada banyak kegunaan romanisasi aksara Han. Secara umum bermanfaat bagi orang asing yang tidak terampil membaca dan mengenali aksara Han, selain itu juga membantu mengklarifikasi pengucapan di antara penutur bahasa atau dialek daerah di Tiongkok yang berbeda-beda. Romanisasi mempermudah memasukkan karakter Han pada sistem komputer dan penggunaan keyboard seperti QWERTY. Kamus bahasa Mandarin memiliki aturan penyortiran yang kompleks, sistem romanisasi menyederhanakan masalah dengan mengurutkan aksara Han dalam bentuk huruf Latin sesuai abjad.

Referensi

  1. ^ Kane, Daniel (2006). The Chinese Language: Its History and Usage. North Clarendon, VT: Tuttle. hlm. 22. ISBN 0-8048-3853-4. 


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