Krisipos dari Soli

Krisipos dari Soli
Krisipos dari Soli
	Salinan Romawi dari sebuah patung dada Helenistik dari; Krisipos (British Museum)
Lahir	ca 279 SM; Soli, Kilikia
Meninggal	s. 206 SM (usia 73); Athena
Sebab meninggal	Kematian akibat tertawa
Era	Filsafat kuno
Kawasan	Filsafat Barat
Aliran	Stoikisme
Minat utama	Logika; Fisika; Etika;
Gagasan penting	Sistemisasi Stoikisme; Pneuma; Nominalisme;
	Dipengaruhi Zeno dari Citium; Cleanthes; Diodorus Cronus; Philo; Aristoteles; Plato; ;
	Memengaruhi Mazhab Stoik;

Krisipos dari Soli (/kraɪˈsɪpəs, krɪ-/;^[3] bahasa Yunani: Χρύσιππος ὁ Σολεύς, Chrysippos ho Soleus; ca 279 – c. 206 SM^[4]) adalah seorang filsuf Stoik Yunani. Ia berasal dari Soli, Kilikia. Kemudian, ia pindah ke Athena pada masa muda, ia menjadi murid Klenates, ketua ke-2 mahzab stoik, di kota ini. Saat Kleantes wafat sekitar tahun 230 SM, Krisipos menjadi ketua ke-3 mahzab tersebut. Sebagai penulis yang produktif, Krisipos meluaskan doktrin-doktrin fundamental dari Zeno yang merupakan guru Klenates serta pendiri mahzab stoik. Selain itu, ia yang memberikan gelar ketua stoik kepada Klenates. ^[5]

Catatan

^ John Sellars, Stoicism, Routledge, 2014, pp. 84–85: "[Stoics] have often been presented as the first nominalists, rejecting the existence of universal concepts altogether. ... For Chrysippus there are no universal entities, whether they be conceived as substantial Platonic Forms or in some other manner.".
^ Chrysippus – Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
^ "Chrysippus". Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.
^ He died according to Apollodorus of Athens (ap. Diogenes Laërtius, vii. 184) at the age of 73 during the 143rd Olympiad (208–204 BC). Thus his date of birth is placed between 281 and 277. The statements in Pseudo-Lucian (Macr. 20) that he died aged 81, and Valerius Maximus that he was still writing at the age of 80 (Val. Max. viii. 7) are considered less credible. Cf. Dorandi 1999, hlm. 40
^ Dorandi 1999, hlm. 40

Referensi

Barnes, Jonathan (1999), "The History of Hellenistic Logic", dalam Algra, Keimpe; Barnes, Jonathan; Mansfeld, Jaap; Schofield, Malcolm, The Cambridge History of Hellenistic Philosophy, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-61670-0
Brunschwig, Jacques; Sedley, David (2003), "Hellenistic philosophy", dalam Sedley, David, The Cambridge Companion to Greek and Roman Philosophy, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-77503-5
Davidson, William Leslie (1908), "Chrysippus", dalam Hastings, James, Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics, 3, T. & T. Clark
Dorandi, Tiziano (1999), "Chronology", dalam Algra, Keimpe; Barnes, Jonathan; Mansfeld, Jaap; Schofield, Malcolm, The Cambridge History of Hellenistic Philosophy, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-61670-0
Fitzgerald, John T. (2004), "Philodemus and the Papyri from Herculaneum", dalam Fitzgerald, John T.; Obbink, Dirk; Holland, Glenn Stanfield, Philodemus and the New Testament world Philosophy, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-11460-2
Gould, Josiah (1970), The Philosophy of Chrysippus, SUNY, ISBN 0-87395-064-X
Green, Peter (1993), Alexander to Actium: the historical evolution of the Hellenistic age, University of California Press, ISBN 0-520-08349-0
Heath, Thomas Little (1921), A History of Greek Mathematics, Vol 1: From Thales to Euclid, Oxford
Hicks, Robert Drew (1910), Stoic and Epicurean, C. Scribner
Hicks, Robert Drew (1911). "Stoics". Dalam Chisholm, Hugh. Encyclopædia Britannica. 25 (edisi ke-11). Cambridge University Press. hlm. 942–951.
Inwood, Brad; Gerson, Lloyd P. (1997), Hellenistic Philosophy: Introductory Readings, Hackett, ISBN 0-87220-378-6
Johansen, Karsten Friis; Rosenmeier, Henrik (1998), A History of Ancient Philosophy: From the Beginnings to Augustine, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-12738-6
Kenny, Anthony (2006), Ancient Philosophy, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-875273-3
Laërtius, Diogenes (1925). "The Stoics: Zeno". Lives of the Eminent Philosophers. 2:7. Diterjemahkan oleh Hicks, Robert Drew (edisi ke-Two volume). Loeb Classical Library.
Laërtius, Diogenes (1925b). "The Stoics: Cleanthes". Lives of the Eminent Philosophers. 2:7. Diterjemahkan oleh Hicks, Robert Drew (edisi ke-Two volume). Loeb Classical Library.
Laërtius, Diogenes (1925c). "The Stoics: Chrysippus". Lives of the Eminent Philosophers. 2:7. Diterjemahkan oleh Hicks, Robert Drew (edisi ke-Two volume). Loeb Classical Library.
O'Toole, Robert R.; Jennings, Raymond E. (2004), "The Megarians and the Stoics", dalam Gabbay, Dov; Woods, John, Handbook of the History of Logic: Greek, Indian, and Arabic logic, North Holland, ISBN 0-444-50466-4
Sharples, R. W. (2014), Stoics, Epicureans and Sceptics: An Introduction to Hellenistic Philosophy, Routledge, hlm. 67–68, ISBN 978-1134836390
Stock, St. George William Joseph (1908), Stoicism, Constable
Zeller, Eduard (1880), The Stoics, Epicureans, and Sceptics, Longmans

Bacaan tambahan

Bobzien, Susanne (1998), Determinism and Freedom in Stoic Philosophy, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-199-24767-6
Susanne Bobzien, (1999), Chrysippus' Theory of Causes. In K. Ierodiakonou (ed.), Topics in Stoic Philosophy, Oxford: OUP, 196-242. ISBN 0-19924-880-X
Émile Bréhier, (1951), Chrysippe et l'ancien stoicisme. Paris. ISBN 2-903925-06-2
Richard Dufour, (2004), Chrysippe. Oeuvre philosophique. Textes traduits et commentés par Richard Dufour, Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 2 volumes (logic and physics), ISBN 2-251-74203-4
D. E. Hahm, Chrysippus' solution to the Democritean dilemma of the cone, Isis 63 (217) (1972), 205–220.
H. A. Ide, Chrysippus's response to Diodorus's Master Argument, History and Philosophy Logic 13 (2) (1992), 133–148.
Christoph Jedan (2009) Stoic Virtues: Chrysippus and the Theological Foundations of Stoic Ethics. Continuum Studies in Ancient Philosophy. ISBN 1-4411-1252-9
Teun L. Tieleman (1996) Galen and Chrysippus on the Soul: Argument and Refutation in the "De Placitis" Books II–III. Philosophia Antiqua. Brill. ISBN 90-04-10520-4
Teun L. Tieleman (2003) Chrysippus' "on Affections": Reconstruction and Interpretation. Philosophia Antiqua. Brill. ISBN 90-04-12998-7