Klaritromisin

Klaritromisin
Nama sistematis (IUPAC)
(3R,4S,5S,6R,7R,9R,11S,12R,13S,14R)-6-{[(2S,3R,4S,6R) -4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy} -14-ethyl-12,13-dihydroxy-4-{[(2R,4R,5S,6S)-5-hydroxy -4-methoxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy}-7 -methoxy-3,5,7,9,11,13-hexamethyl -1-oxacyclotetradecane-2,10-dione
Data klinis
Nama dagang Biaxin, dan lainnya
AHFS/Drugs.com monograph
MedlinePlus a692005
Kat. kehamilan C (USA)
B3 (Aus)
Status hukum hanya rx
Rute Dimakan, atau lewat infus
Data farmakokinetik
Bioavailabilitas 50%
Ikatan protein pengikat rendah
Metabolisme hepatik
Waktu paruh 3–4 jam
Pengenal
Nomor CAS 81103-11-9 YaY
Kode ATC J01FA09
PubChem CID 5284534
DrugBank DB01211
ChemSpider 10342604 N
UNII H1250JIK0A YaY
KEGG D00276 YaY
ChEMBL CHEMBL1741 N
Data kimia
Rumus C38H69NO13 
Massa mol. 747.953 g/mol
SMILES eMolecules & PubChem

  • InChI=1S/C38H69NO13/c1-15-26-38(10,45)31(42)21(4)28(40)19(2)17-37(9,47-14)33(52-35-29(41)25(39(11)12)16-20(3)48-35)22(5)30(23(6)34(44)50-26)51-27-18-36(8,46-13)32(43)24(7)49-27/h19-27,29-33,35,41-43,45H,15-18H2,1-14H3/t19-,20-,21+,22+,23-,24+,25+,26-,27+,29-,30+,31-,32+,33-,35+,36-,37-,38-/m1/s1 N
    Key:AGOYDEPGAOXOCK-KCBOHYOISA-N N

Klaritromisin (dijual dengan merek Biaxin) adalah antibiotika yang digunakan untuk mengobati berbagai infeksi bakteri; termasuk radang tenggorokan, pneumonia, infeksi kulit, infeksi H. pylori, penyakit Lyme, dan lainnya. Klaritromisin dapat dikonsumsi dalam bentuk pil maupun cairan.[1]

Efek samping

Efek samping dari klaritromisin yang umum terjadi adalah mual, muntah, sakit kepala, dan diare. Reaksi alergi yang parah terhadap antibiotika ini jarang sekali terjadi. Ada juga beberapa laporan mengenai masalah hati. Antibiotika ini dapat membahayakan jika dikonsumsi selama masa kehamilan. Klaritromisin berada di kelas makrolida dan bekerja dengan mengurangi produksi protein dari beberapa jenis bakteri.[1]

Lainnya

Klaritromisin dikembangkan pada 1980.[2] Antibiotika ini ada dalam Daftar Obat Esensial Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia sebagai obat yang paling efektif dan aman yang diperlukan dalam sistem kesehatan.[3] Klaritromisin dijual sebagai obat generik. Biaya grosir di negara berkembang adalah antara US$ 0,13 dan US$ 0,79 per dosis.[4] Di Amerika Serikat, harganya cukup mahal yaitu antara US$ 50 sampai US$ 100 dan untuk keperluan perawatan[5] (karena dibuat dari eritromisin dan secara kimia dikenal sebagai 6-O-metilmeritromisin).[6]

Referensi

  1. ^ a b "Clarithromycin". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal September 3, 2015. Diakses tanggal September 4, 2015. 
  2. ^ Greenwood, David (2008). Antimicrobial drugs : chronicle of a twentieth century medical triumph (edisi ke-1). Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 239. ISBN 9780199534845. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-03-05. 
  3. ^ "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List)" (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 13 December 2016. Diakses tanggal 8 December 2016. 
  4. ^ "Clarithromycin". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Diakses tanggal 7 September 2015. 
  5. ^ Hamilton, Richart (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. hlm. 92. ISBN 9781284057560. 
  6. ^ Kirst, Herbert A. (2012). Macrolide Antibiotics (edisi ke-2). Basel: Birkhäuser Basel. hlm. 53. ISBN 9783034881050. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-03-05. 

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