Kisah Sinuhe

Kisah Sinuhe adalah karya sastra yang dianggap sebagai salah satu karya terbaik dalam sastra Mesir Kuno. Kisah Sinuhe bersetting setelah kematian firaun Amenemhat I, pendiri dinasti ke-12 Mesir pada awal abad ke-20 SM. Kemungkinan kisah ini ditulis segera setelah tanggal tersebut, meskipun manuskrip tertua yang ditemukan berasal dari masa kekuasaan Amenemhat III (sekitar 1800 SM).[1] Saat ini sedang diperdebatkan, apakah kisah ini dibuat berdasarkan kejadian nyata atau tidak.[2] Sementara itu konsensus meyakini bahwa Kisah Sinuhe kemungkinan besar merupakan karya fiksi.[3][4]

Pengarang Kisah Sinuhe yang anonim digelari sebagai "Shakespeare Mesir".[5]

Sinopsis

Sinuhe adalah seorang pejabat yang menemani pangeran Senwosret I di Libya. Ia mendengar perbincangan mengenai kematian firaun Amenemhet I, sehingga Sinuhe melarikan diri ke Retjenu Hulu (Kanaan) dan meninggalkan Mesir. Ia menjadi menantu kepala suku Ammunenshi. Waktu terus mengalir, dan anak-anaknya tumbuh menjadi kepala suku dengan hak mereka masing-masing. Sinuhe bertempur melawan suku-suku pemberontak atas nama Ammunenshi. Sebagai orang tua, setelah mengalahkan musuh yang kuat, ia berdoa agar dapat kembali ke tanah airnya.[5]: "Semoga dewa mengasihaniku.. semoga ia mendengarkan doa seseorang yang jauh!.. semoga Raja mengasihani aku.. semoga aku diantar ke kota keabadian!".[6] Sinuhe lalu diundang Firaun Senwosret I untuk kembali ke Mesir. Ia menerimanya. Setelah menghabiskan sisa hidupnya dalam kemurahan hati firaun, Sinuhe akhirnya wafat dan jenazahnya disemayamkan dalam makam yang indah.[5]

Referensi

  1. ^ R. B. Parkinson, The Tale of Sinuhe and Other Ancient Egyptian Poems. Oxford World's Classics, 1999, hal. 21
  2. ^ James Karl Hoffmeier, Ancient Israel In Sinai: The Evidence for the Authenticity of the Wilderness Tradition, Oxford University Press 2005, hal.256
  3. ^ James Peter Allen, Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, Cambridge University Press 2000, hal.281
  4. ^ The tale begins with the death of King Amenemhat who was the first ruler of the 12th dynasty. In the 'Instructions of Amenemhat' the King describes, from beyond the grave, how he was the victim of an assassination.("Religion in ancient Egypt" Byron Esely Shafer, John Baines, Leonard H. Lesko, David P. Silverman, hal. 160, Taylor & Francis, 1991 ISBN 0-415-07030-9)
  5. ^ a b c "In search of Sinuhe: “What's in a Name?”, Edmund S. Meltzer, Paper presented at The 58th Annual Meeting of the American Research Center in Egypt, Wyndham Toledo Hotel, Toledo, Ohio, Apr 20, 2007 [1] Diarsipkan 2011-10-07 di Wayback Machine.
  6. ^ M. Lichtheim, Ancient Egyptian Literature, Volume I: The Old and Middle Kingdoms, 1973, p.222, ISBN 0-520-002899-6

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