Kepala Kerabian Israel

Tembok Barat (Kotel dalam bahasa Ibrani) berada di bawah pengawasan Kepala Kerabian Israel

Kepala Kerabian Israel (bahasa Ibrani: הָרַבָּנוּת הָרָאשִׁית לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, Ha-Rabbanut Ha-Rashit Li-Yisra'el‎) merupakan otoritas keagamaan Yahudi tertinggi di Israel yang diakui undang-undang.[1] Terdapat dua orang Kepala Rabi, yang menjabat sebagai pemimpin Dewan Kerabian secara bergantian. Lembaga tersebut memiliki wewenang hukum dan administratif untuk menetapkan hukum dan fatwa yang mengikat orang Yahudi di Israel. Serta bertugas menanggapi pertanyaan-pertanyaan seputar halakha yang diajukan oleh badan-badan publik Yahudi di Diaspora. Dewan tersebut mengesahkan, membimbing, dan mengawasi lembaga-lembaga lain yang ada di bawah kewenangannya.

Kepala Kerabian Israel ada dua: seorang rabi Ashkenazi, dan seorang rabi Sefardi. Kepala Rabi dipilih untuk masa jabatan 10 tahun. Kepala Rabi Sefardi saat ini adalah Yitzhak Yosef dan Kepala Rabi Ashkenazi adalah David Lau, di mana keduanya mulai menjabat sejak 2013.[2]

Kepala Rabi memiliki yurisdiksi atas banyak aspek kehidupan Yahudi di Israel. Yurisdiksinya mencakup masalah status pribadi, seperti pernikahan dan perceraian, pemakaman, konversi, hukum dan sertifikasi kosher, imigran (olim), pengawasan tempat suci dan yeshiva, hingga pengadilan agama.

Mahkamah Rabinik adalah bagian dari sistem peradilan Israel, dan dikelola oleh Kementerian Agama. Pengadilan tersebut memiliki yurisdiksi eksklusif atas perkawinan dan perceraian orang Yahudi, dan memiliki kompetensi paralel dengan pengadilan negeri mengenal status pribadi, tunjangan, hak asuh, dan warisan. Putusan pengadilan agama dilaksanakan dan ditegakkan – seperti halnya putusan pengadilan negeri – oleh polisi, juru sita, dan lembaga negara lainnya.[3]

Kantor Pusat Kepala Kerabian terletak di gedung Beit Yahav, Jalan Yirmiyahu 80, Yerusalem. Sebelumnya, lembaga ini berkantor di gedung Heichal Shlomo, yang sejak tahun 1992 dialihfungsikan sebagai museum.

Referensi

  1. ^ "Chief Rabbinate of Israel Law, 5740 (1980)"
  2. ^ "Haredim Yosef and Lau elected chief rabbis of Israel". J Post. 
  3. ^ Ministry of Religious Affairs

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