Kelas menengah

Kelas menengah adalah sebuah kelas rakyat di tengah hierarki sosial. Dalam istilah sosio-ekonomi Weberian, kelas menengah adalah kelompok besar rakyat dalam masyarakat kontemporer yang secara sosio-ekonomi jatuh diantara kelas bawah dan kelas atas. Ukuran umum dari apa yang menentukan kelas menengah secara signifikan beragam di antara budaya-budaya. Kelas menengah terukur dan sehat dipandang sebagai karakteristik masyarakat sehat.

Pertumbuhan global terkini

Tiongkok

Sebuah studi oleh Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) memperkirakan bahwa 19% orang Tiongkok adalah kelas menengah pada 2003, yang meliputi rumah tangga dengan kekayaan aset antara $18,000 dan $36,000.[1]

Pembagian kelas menengah dari seluruh orang dewasa menurut negara

No.
Peringkat
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
Negara/Teritorial Kelas menengah
(%)		 Kelas atas*1
(%)		 Kelas bawah*2
(%)
 Australia 66.1 14.2 19.7
 Singapura 62.3 16.0 21.7
 Belgia 62.1 12.3 25.6
 Italia 59.7 8.6 31.7
 Jepang 59.5 9.1 31.4
 Taiwan 59.4 15.2 25.4
 Britania Raya 57.4 12.2 30.4
 Norwegia 56.4 12.2 31.4
 Uni Emirat Arab 56.4 7.8 35.8
 Spanyol 55.8 3.8 40.4
 Belanda 54.1 7.4 38.5
 Irlandia 50.3 7.4 42.3
 Selandia Baru 50.3 21.9 27.8
 Prancis 49.2 12.5 38.3
 Kanada 47.8 10.5 41.7
 Yunani 47.2 2.8 50.0
 Finlandia 45.6 4.4 50.0
 Portugal 44.6 2.7 52.7
 Korea 44.6 2.9 52.5
  Swiss 44.5 14.0 41.5
 Hong Kong 44.4 5.1 50.5
 Austria 44.0 7.9 48.1
 Israel 42.5 3.7 53.8
 Jerman 42.4 7.6 50.0
 Denmark 39.5 10.5 50.0
 Swedia 39.4 11.5 49.1
 Amerika Serikat 37.7 12.3 50.0
 Arab Saudi 33.1 2.1 64.8
 Ceko 26.5 1.6 71.9
 Chili 22.3 1.5 76.2
 Polandia 19.3 1.0 79.7
 Meksiko 17.1 1.0 81.9
 Malaysia 16.7 1.2 82.1
 Kolombia 15.3 0.9 83.8
 Afrika Selatan 13.7 1.1 85.2
 Tiongkok 10.7 0.6 88.7
 Peru 10.3 0.8 88.9
 Turki 9.9 0.8 89.3
 Brasil 8.1 0.6 91.3
 Mesir 5.0 0.4 94.6
 Filipina 4.8 0.4 94.8
 Indonesia 4.4 0.6 95.0
 Rusia 4.1 0.5 95.4
 Argentina 4.0 0.3 95.7
 Thailand 3.7 0.3 96.0
 India 3.0 0.2 96.8

^*1: (kelas menengah atas) - (kelas menengah)

^*2: 100 - (kelas bawah)

Referensi

  1. ^ "China's middle class growing fast". BBC News. 

Bacaan tambahan

  • Brian W. Cashell: Who Are the "Middle Class"? Diarsipkan 2007-10-30 di Wayback Machine., CRS Report for the Congress, 20 March 2007
  • López, A. Ricardo, and Barbara Weinstein, eds. The Making of the Middle Class: Toward a Transnational History (Duke University Press, 2012) 446 pp. scholarly essays
  • Abhijit V. Banerjee and Esther Duflo (December 2007). What is middle class about the middle classes around the world? (PDF). Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Economics. hlm. 50. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-05-25. Diakses tanggal 2017-12-05. 
  • Wells, Jonathan Daniel. "The Southern Middle Class," Journal of Southern History, Volume: 75#3 2009. pp 651+.

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