Kanchipuram

Kānchipuram
Kota
Kuil Kailasanathar
Kuil Kailasanathar, 685-705, kuil tertua di kota ini
Julukan: 
Kānchi
Negara India
Negara BagianTamil Nadu
RegionTondai Nadu
DistrikKanchipuram
Pemerintahan
 • JenisMunisipalitas
 • BadanMunisipalitas Kanchipuram
Populasi
 (2011)
 • Total164.265
Bahasa
 • ResmiTamil
Zona waktuUTC+5.30 (IST)
PIN
631501-631503
Kode area telepon044
Pelat kendaraanTN-21
Situs webkanchi.tn.nic.in

Kānchipuram a atau dikenal sebagai Kānchi (kāñcipuram; [kaːɲd͡ʒipuɾəm])[1] adalah sebuah kota di Negara Bagian Tamil Nadu, India, 72 km (45 mi) dari Chennai – ibu kota Tamil Nadu. Kota ini meliputi daerah seluas 11,605 km2 (4,481 sq mi) dan memiliki penduduk sebanyak 164.265 jiwa pada tahun 2001.[2] Ia merupakan ibu kota administrasi pemerintahan Distrik Kanchipuram. Kanchipuram terhubung dengan baik melalui jalan darat dan rel. Bandar Udara Internasional Chennai merupakan bandar udara domestik dan internasional yang terdekat ke kota ini, yang terletak di Tirusulam di Distrik Kanchipuram.

Terletak di tepi Sungai Vegavathy, Kanchipuram telah diperintah oleh Pallawa, Chola Abad Pertengahan,[3] Chola Akhir, Pandya Akhir, Kemaharajaan Wijayanagara, Kerajaan Carnatic, dan Britania, yang menyebut kota tersebut "Conjeeveram".[3] Monumen bersejarah kota ini meliputi Kuil Kailasanathar dan Kuil Vaikunta Perumal. Secara historis, Kanchipuram merupakan pusat pendidikan[4] dan dikenal sebagai ghatikasthanam, atau "tempat belajar".[5] Kota ini juga merupakan suatu pusat pendidikan lanjutan keagamaan untuk Jainisme dan Buddhisme antara abad ke-1 dan ke-5.[6]

Dalam teologi Hindu aliran Waisnawa, Kanchipuram merupakan salah satu dari tujuh situs Tirtha (ziarah), bagi pembebasan spiritual.[7] Kota ini menjadi tempat berdirinya Kuil Varadharaja Perumal, Kuil Ekambareswarar, Kuil Kamakshi Amman,dan Kuil Kumarakottam yang merupakan beberapa kuil Hindu utama di negara bagian tersebut. Dari 108 kuil suci dewa Hindu Wisnu, 14 di antaranya terletak di Kanchipuram. Kota ini sangat penting bagi aliran Sri Waisnawa, namun juga sebuah tempat ziarah suci dalam aliran Saiwa. Kota ini terkenal karena sutra tenunan tangannya, sari dan sebagian besar tenaga kerja kota terlibat dalam industri pertenunan.[8]

Kanchipuram dikelola oleh sebuah munisipalitas tingkat Khusus yang didirikan pada tahun 1947. Kota ini adalah markas besar Kanchi matha, sebuah institusi monastik Hindu yang diyakini didirikan oleh orang suci Hindu dan komentator Adi Sankaracharya, dan merupakan ibu kota Kerajaan Pallawa antara abad ke-4 dan ke-9.

Kanchipuram telah dipilih sebagai salah satu kota warisan untuk skema Pengembangan dan Peningkatan Kota Warisan Yojana dari Pemerintah India.

Catatan

Catatan kaki

Kutipan

  1. ^ Malalasekera 1973, hlm. 112–13.
  2. ^ Kanchipuram : Census 2011.
  3. ^ a b  Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Conjeeveram". Encyclopædia Britannica. 6 (edisi ke-11). Cambridge University Press. hlm. 943. 
  4. ^ Rao 2008, hlm. xviii.
  5. ^ K.V. 1975, hlm. 80.
  6. ^ Thapar 2001, hlm. 344–345.
  7. ^ Jean Holm; John Bowker (2001). Sacred Place. Bloomsbury Publishing. hlm. 70. ISBN 978-1-62356-623-4. 
  8. ^ Kanchipuram Industrial profile 2012.

Referensi

Pranala luar

12°49′N 79°43′E / 12.82°N 79.71°E / 12.82; 79.71

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