Joseph Erlanger

Joseph Erlanger
Lahir(1874-01-05)5 Januari 1874
San Francisco, California
Meninggal5 Desember 1965(1965-12-05) (umur 91)
St. Louis, Missouri
Penghargaan1944 Nobel Prize in Medicine

Joseph Erlanger (San Francisco, California, 5 Januari 1874 - St. Louis, Missouri, 5 Desember 1965) ialah ilmuwan Amerika Serikat.

Erlanger menerima gelar M. Si. dari University of California. Kemudian, ia memperoleh gelar dokter dari Johns Hopkins University pada 1899. Dari 1900 hingga 1906, ia bekerja sebagai instruktur, kolega, dan lektor kepala di Bagian Fisiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Johns Hopkins.

Pada 1906, Erlanger pindah ke University of Wisconsin, Madison, di mana ia diangkat sebagai Profesor Fisiologi pertama di Fakultas Kedokteran. Di Wisconsin, Erlanger memulai penelitian dengan berkolaborasi dengan salah satu mahasiswanya Herbert Spencer Gasser. Pada 1910, ia menjadi Profesor Fisiologi di Washington University, St. Louis. Herbert S. Gasser bergabung dengan Erlanger di St. Louis, di mana mereka mulai mempelajari pengaruh elektronik yang diterapkan pada pengamatan fisiologis.

Penelitian utama Erlanger melibatkan elektrofisiologi dan fisiologi sistem peredaran darah. Pada 1922, Erlanger dan Herbert Gasser bisa menganalisis reaksi listrik antara serabut saraf dengan memperkeras saraf dengan osiloskop sinar katode. Pada 1932, kedua lelaki itu mengilustrasikan bahwa serabut yang berbeda menimbulkan ukuran panjang gelombang atau impuls yang berbeda. Serabut saraf mengirimkan impuls di berbagai tingkat, tergantung pada ketebalan serabut.

Ia dianugerahi Penghargaan Nobel dalam Fisiologi atau Kedokteran pada 1944, bersama dengan Herbert Gasser, atas penemuan mereka mengenai macam-macam serabut saraf yang berbeda. Mereka menunjukkan bahwa serabut bisa memiliki fungsi yang berbeda, malahan dalam tali saraf yang sama.

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