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Insiden Roswell adalah teori konspirasi yang menyatakan bahwa jatuhnya balon Angkatan Udara Amerika Serikat tahun 1947 di dekat Roswell, New Mexico sebenarnya disebabkan oleh wahana antariksa luar angkasa. Dioperasikan dari Pangkalan Udara Angkatan Darat Alamogordo di dekatnya dan merupakan bagian dari Proyek Mogul yang sangat rahasia, balon tersebut dimaksudkan untuk mendeteksi uji coba nuklir Soviet.^[1] Setelah puing-puing logam dan karet ditemukan oleh personel Pangkalan Udara Angkatan Darat Roswell, Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat mengumumkan kepemilikan mereka atas "cakram terbang". Pengumuman ini menjadi berita utama internasional tetapi ditarik kembali dalam waktu satu hari. Dengan mengaburkan tujuan dan sumber sebenarnya dari balon yang jatuh, Angkatan Darat kemudian menyatakan bahwa itu adalah balon cuaca konvensional.

Pada tahun 1978, pensiunan perwira Angkatan Udara Jesse Marcel mengungkapkan bahwa klaim balon cuaca Angkatan Darat adalah cerita yang dibuat-buat, tetapi berspekulasi bahwa puing-puing itu berasal dari luar angkasa. Dipopulerkan oleh buku The Roswell Incident tahun 1980, spekulasi ini menjadi dasar bagi teori konspirasi UFO yang bertahan lama dan semakin kompleks dan kontradiktif, yang seiring waktu memperluas insiden tersebut hingga mencakup pemerintah yang menyembunyikan bukti keberadaan makhluk luar angkasa, alien abu-abu, beberapa piring terbang yang jatuh, mayat dan otopsi alien, dan rekayasa balik teknologi luar angkasa, yang tidak satu pun memiliki dasar fakta.

Pada tahun 1990-an, Angkatan Udara Amerika Serikat menerbitkan beberapa laporan yang menetapkan Proyek Mogul sebagai pihak yang bertanggung jawab langsung atas kecelakaan tersebut. Mogul adalah program balon rahasia yang berupaya mendeteksi bukti uji coba atom Soviet. Meskipun demikian dan kurangnya bukti, banyak pendukung UFO mengklaim bahwa puing-puing Roswell berasal dari pesawat alien, dan menuduh pemerintah AS menutup-nutupinya. Narasi konspirasi telah menjadi kiasan dalam literatur fiksi ilmiah, film, dan televisi. Kota Roswell memanfaatkan hal ini untuk mempromosikan dirinya sebagai tujuan wisata yang terkait dengan UFO.

Referensi

^ The Roswell material has been attributed to a top secret military balloon by astrophysicist Adam Frank, historian Lt Col James Michael Young, science writer Kendrick Frazier, folklorist Thomas Bullard, historian Kathryn Olmsted, Project Mogul meteorologist B.D. Gildenberg, journalist Kal Korff, skeptical UFO researcher Philip J. Klass, and intelligence officer Captain James McAndrew among others:

Sumber

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[Mogul-1] The Roswell material has been attributed to a top secret military balloon by astrophysicist Adam Frank, historian Lt Col James Michael Young, science writer Kendrick Frazier, folklorist Thomas Bullard, historian Kathryn Olmsted, Project Mogul meteorologist B.D. Gildenberg, journalist Kal Korff, skeptical UFO researcher Philip J. Klass, and intelligence officer Captain James McAndrew among others:

[1]