Hidrotoraks

Hidrotoraks atau efusi pleura adalah kondisi penumpukan cairan yang abnormal pada rongga pleura.^[1]^[2] Cairan yang dimaksud mangandung protein dan sel.^[2] Hidrotoraks biasanya dikaitkan dengan penyakit jantung, ginjal, atau hati.^[2]^[3]

Kelompok

Transudat

Hidrotoraks dikelompokan dalam transudat bila penyebabnya adalah kebocoran pembuluh darah akibat kenaikan tekanan hidrostatik pada pleura.^[1] Diagnosa pembanding berupa gagal jantung, gagal ginjal, sirosis hati, hiponatremia, penyumbatan pada vena kava superior, dan hipoalbuminemia.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Eksudat

Hidrotoraks dikelompokkan dalam eksudat bila hidrotoraks disebabkan radang.^[1] Diagnosa pembanding berupa artritis reumatoid, sarkoidosis, radang pada pankreas,dan robek pada kerongkongan.^[1]

Gejala

Penderita hidrotoraks umumnya juga menderita dispnea (sesak napas) dan ortopnea (sesak napas saat berbaring).^[1]^[3] Selain itu, penderita hidrotoraks akan mengalami kenaikan denyut jantung secara tiba-tiba atau bertahap.^[1] Jika volume cairan yang masuk ke dalam rongga telah melebihi 300 mililiter, maka suara napas akan melemah.^[1]

Pengobatan

Hidrotoraks dapat diobati dengan mengobati penyakit yang menyebabkannya terjadi.^[1]^[2] Jika hidrotoraks telah menyebabkan sesak napas, maka cairan harus dikeluarkan dengan menggunakan aspirasi jarum atau selang dada.^[1]^[2]

Referensi

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Graber, Mark A.; Toth, Peter A.; Herting, Robert R. . 2006 . Buku Saku Dokter Keluarga, Ed. 3 . Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC . ISBN 979-448-678-7
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Behrman, Kiegman; Arvin, Nelson . 2000 . Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Nelson, Vol. II, E/15 . Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC . ISBN 978-979-448-466-0
^ ^a ^b ^c Baradero, Mary; Dayrit, Mary Wilfrid; Siswadi, Yakobus . 2005 . Klien Gangguan Hati: Seri Asuhan Keperawatan . Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC . ISBN 978-979-448-897-3

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