Henri de Saint-Simon

Henri de Saint-Simon
LahirClaude Henri de Rouvroy, comte de Saint-Simon
(1760-10-17)17 Oktober 1760
Paris, Prancis
Meninggal19 Mei 1825(1825-05-19) (umur 64)
Paris, Prancis
EraFilsafat abad ke-19
KawasanFilsafat Barat
AliranSaint-Simonianisme
Sosialisme
Sosialisme utopis
Minat utama
Filsafat politik
Gagasan penting
Perbedaan kelas industri/kelas pemalas

Claude Henri de Rouvroy, comte de Saint-Simon, sering disebut sebagai Henri de Saint-Simon (17 Oktober 1760 - 19 Mei 1825), adalah seorang sosialis asal Prancis yang terkenal akan teori filosofisnya dan dasar-dasar pemikirannya yang mempengaruhi tokoh-tokoh filsafat abad ke-19, termasuk filosofi ilmu pengetahuan dan sosiologi.[10] Idenya memainkan peran penting dalam mempengaruhi pemikiran positivisme, Marxisme dan ide-ide dari Thorstein Veblen.[10]

Meskipun ia lahir sebagai bangsawan, beroposisi dengan feodal dan sistem militer, ia menganjurkan suatu bentuk sosialisme teknokratis, dimana perekonomian dikelola dan dipimpin oleh para industrialis dan para ahli yang diangkat berdasarkan prestasi.[11] Simon percaya bahwa pengaturan tersebut akan menyebabkan masyarakat nasional akan bekerjasama dan hal ini dapat memajukan teknologi sehingga kemiskinan tidak menimpa masyarakat kelas bawah.[11] Dia merasa bahwa para ilmuwan atau orang-orang dari badan ilmu pengetahuan, bukan gereja, harus menjadi pemimpin dalam masyarakat dan Simon memegang keyakinan bahwa orang-orang yang produktif dalam masyarakat berhak untuk berkuasa.[12]

Karya

Saint-Simon menulis berbagai catatan mengenai pandangannya:

  • Lettres d'un habitant de Genève à ses contemporains (1803),
  • L'Industrie (1816-1817),
  • Le Politique (1819),
  • L'Organisateur (1819-1820),
  • Du système industriel (1822),
  • Catéchisme des industriels (1823-1824),
  • Nouveau Christianisme (1825).
  • Sebuah edisi karya-karya Saint-Simon dan Enfantin diterbitkan oleh penyintas sekte tersebut (47 vol., Paris, 1865–1878).

Lihat pula

Catatan

  1. ^ a b c d Jeremy Jennings. Revolution and the Republic: A History of Political Thought in France Since the Eighteenth Century. Oxford University Press, 2011. p. 347.
  2. ^ Gregory Claeys. Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-century Thought. Oxon, UK: Routledge, 2005. p. 136.
  3. ^ a b c Pilbeam, Pamela M. (2014). Saint-Simonians in Nineteenth-Century France: From Free Love to Algeria. Springer. hlm. 5. 
  4. ^ John Powell, Derek W. Blakeley, Tessa Powell. Biographical Dictionary of Literary Influences: The Nineteenth Century, 1800-1914. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001. p. 267.
  5. ^ Jea n-René Suratteau, "Restif (de la Bretonne) Nicolas Edme", in: Albert Soboul (ed.), Dictionnaire historique de la Révolution française, Paris, PUF, 1989, 2nd ed. Quadrige, 2005, pp. 897–898.
  6. ^ Nicholas Capaldi. John Stuart Mill: A Biography. Cambridge University Press, 2004. pp. 77–80.
  7. ^ Rob Knowles. Political Economy from Below: Economic Thought in Communitarian Anarchism 1840-1914: Economic Thought in Communitarian Anarchism, 1840-1914. Routledge, 2013. p. 342.
  8. ^ Koslowski, Stefan (2017). "Lorenz von Stein as a disciple of Saint-Simon and the French Utopians". Revista europea de historia de las ideas políticas y de las instituciones públicas. 11. 
  9. ^ Horowitz, Irving Louis, Veblen's Century: A Collective Portrait (2002), p. 142
  10. ^ a b Shadily, Hassan.Ensiklopedia Indonesia. Jakarta:Ichtiar Baru Van Hoeve.
  11. ^ a b Busky, Donald F.: "Communism in History and Theory: From Utopian Socialism to the Fall of the Soviet Union"
  12. ^ http://homepage.newschool.edu/het//profiles/saintsimon.htm[pranala nonaktif permanen]

Referensi

Pranala luar


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