Harlem

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Harlem (disambiguasi).
Apollo Theater di 125th Street; Hotel Theresa terlihat di belakang.

Harlem adalah sebuah permukiman di borough Manhattan, New York City, yang sejak 1920-an telah menjadi pusat penduduk, budaya, dan bisnis Afrika Amerika. Awalnya berupa desa Belanda yang resmi terbentuk tahun 1658,[1] daerah ini dinamai sesuai kota Haarlem di Belanda. Harlem dianeksasi ke New York City tahun 1873.

Harlem ditetapkan melalui serangkaian tahap boom-and-bust, dengan perubahan etnis yang mengikuti setiap tahap. Penduduk berkulit hitam tiba secara massal tahun 1904 dengan jumlah yang didorong Migrasi Besar. Tahun 1920-an dan 1930-an, permukiman ini merupakan surga bagi "Renaisans Harlem", suatu aliran karya seni dan profesional tanpa penerapan di masyarakat berkulit hitam Amerika. Tetapi, akibat PHK besar-besaran pada masa Depresi Besar dan deindustrialisasi New York City setelah Perang Dunia II, tingkat kejahatan dan kemiskinan meningkat tajam.

Kebangkitan New York pada akhir abad ke-20 telah mendorong pembaruan wilayah Harlem. Tahun 1995, Harlem mengalami gentrifikasi sosial dan ekonomi. Meski persentase penduduk berkulit hitam memuncak pada 1950, wilayah ini masih saja didominasi penduduk berkulit hitam.

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Pierce, Carl Horton, et al. New Harlem Past and Present: the Story of an Amazing Civic Wrong, Now at Last to be Righted. New York: New Harlem Pub. Co., 1903.

Pranala luar

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Harlem.

40°48′32.52″N 73°56′54.14″W / 40.8090333°N 73.9483722°W / 40.8090333; -73.9483722

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Artikel bertopik Kota New York ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

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