Guo Xi

Guo Xi
Awal Musim Semi, ditandatangani dan tertanggal 1072. Gulir gantung, tinta dan warna pada sutra ukuran 158.3x108.1. Museum Nasional Istana, Taipei.
Lahirsekitar 1020
Meninggalsekitar 1090
KebangsaanTiongkok
Dikenal atasPelukis
Gerakan politikDinasti Song Utara
Gunung Salju karya Guo Xi, koleksi Museum Shanghai. Guo adalah seorang pelukis lanskap panutan di masa Dinasti Song Utara, dia terkenal karena karya lukisannya yang menggambarkan gunung, sungai, dan hutan di musim dingin. Lukisan di atas menunjukkan pemandangan lembah gunung yang dalam dan tenang yang tertutup salju dan beberapa pohon tua yang berjuang untuk bertahan hidup di tebing terjal. Ini adalah mahakarya Guo Xi dengan menggunakan tinta dan komposisi yang luar biasa untuk mengekspresikan konsepsi artistiknya yang terbuka dan tinggi.
Musim gugur di Sungai Lembah

Guo Xi (Hanzi: 郭熙; Pinyin: Guō Xī; Wade–Giles: Kuo Hsi) (sekitar 1020-sekitar 1090)[1] adalah pelukis lanskap Tiongkok dari provinsi Henan[2] yang hidup di masa Dinasti Song Utara. Satu naskah yang berjudul "Pesan Hutan dan Sungai yang Tinggi" (Linquan Gaozhi 林泉高致) dikaitkan dengannya. Naskah itu mencakup berbagai tema yang fokus pada cara melukis lanskap yang tepat.

Guo Xi juga seorang pejabat di pengadilan, literatus, pelukis berpendidikan tinggi yang mengembangkan sistem sapuan kuas idiomatik yang sangat terperinci yang menjadi penting bagi para pelukis sesudahnya. Salah satu karyanya yang paling terkenal adalah Awal Musim Semi tahun 1072. Karya tersebut menunjukkan teknik inovatifnya untuk menghasilkan berbagai perspektif yang disebutnya "sudut totalitas". Jenis representasi visual ini juga disebut "Perspektif Apung", suatu teknik yang menggeser mata statis penonton dan menyoroti perbedaan antara Tiongkok dengan Barat mengenai mode representasi spasial.

Putranya menceritakan bagaimana Guo Xi melakukan pekerjaannya: "Pada hari-hari ketika dia hendak melukis, dia akan duduk di meja yang bersih, di dekat jendela yang cerah, membakar dupa harum di sebelah kanan dan kiri. Dia akan memilih kuas dan tinta yang paling indah dan terbaik, setelah itu ia mencuci tangannya, dan membersihkan batu tinta, seolah-olah dia sedang menantikan kedatangan tamu yang berpangkat tinggi. Dia menunggu sampai pikirannya tenang dan tidak terganggu, lalu ia mulai melukis."[3]

Catatan

  1. ^ Barnhart: Page 372. Guo Xi's style name was Chunfu (淳夫）
  2. ^ Ci hai: Page 452
  3. ^ Quoted by Arthur Waley in "Chinese Philosophy of Art-IV" in Burlington Magazine, vol. xxxviii, No. ccxviii, p. 247 in Jenyns, Soame. A Background to Chinese Painting. New York: Schocken Books, 1966, p. 134

Referensi

  • Barnhart, R. M. et al. (1997). Three thousand years of Chinese painting. New Haven, Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-07013-6
  • Ci hai bian ji wei yuan hui (辞海编辑委员会). Ci hai (辞海). Shanghai: Shanghai ci shu chu ban she (上海辞书出版社), 1979.
  • Guo Xi's Early Spring Diarsipkan 2020-11-05 di Wayback Machine.

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