Grendel

Grendel adalah seorang tokoh dalam wiracarita Anglo-Saxon Beowulf (700–1000). Dia adalah salah satu dari tiga antagonis (bersama dengan ibundanya dan naga), semuanya bersekutu melawan protagonis Beowulf. Grendel ditakuti oleh semua orang di Heorot kecuali Beowulf. Keturunan Kain, Grendel digambarkan sebagai "makhluk kegelapan, diasingkan dari kebahagiaan dan dikutuk Dewa, perusak dan pemakan manusia".^[1] Dia biasanya digambarkan sebagai monster atau raksasa, meskipun statusnya sebagai monster, raksasa, atau bentuk lain dari makhluk gaib tidak dijelaskan dengan pasti dalam wiracarita itu dan dengan demikian tetap menjadi bahan perdebatan ilmiah. Karakter Grendel dan perannya dalam cerita Beowulf telah mengalami banyak interpretasi dan imajinasi ulang.

Catatan dan referensi

^ Jones, Gwyn (1972). Kings, Beasts and Heroes. London: Oxford University Press. hlm. 12. ISBN 0-19-215181-9.

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Grendel.

Cawson, Frank. The Monsters in the Mind: The Face of Evil in Myth, Literature, and Contemporary Life. Sussex, England: Book Guild, 1995: 38–39.
Gardner, John. Grendel. New York, 1971.
Heyne, Moritz. Harrison, James A. Sharp, Robert. Beowulf: An Anglo-Saxon Poem, and The Fight at Finnsburg: a Fragment Boston, Massachusetts: Ginn & Company, 1895.
Jack, George. Beowulf : A Student Edition. Oxford University Press: New York, 1997.
Jensen, S R. Beowulf and the Monsters. ARRC: Sydney, corrected edition, 1998. Extracts available online.
———. Beowulf and the Battle – beasts of Yore. ARRC: Sydney, 2004. Available online.
Klaeber, Frederick, ed. Beowulf and the Fight at Finnsburg. Third ed. Boston: Heath, 1950.
Kuhn, Sherman M. "Old English Aglaeca – Middle Irish Olach". Linguistic Method : Essays in Honor of Herbert Penzl. Eds. Irmengard Rauch and Gerald F. Carr. The Hague, New York: Mouton Publishers, 1979. 213–30.
Thorpe, Benjamin (trans.). The Anglo-Saxon Poems of Beowulf: The Scôp or Gleeman's Tale and the Fight at Finnesburg Oxford University Press. 1885.
Tolkien, J.R.R. Beowulf, the Monsters and the Critics. (Sir Israel Gollancz Memorial Lecture, British Academy, 1936). First ed. London: Humphrey Milford, 1937.

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