Glasial Maksimum Terakhir

Peta perubahan suku di permukaan laut dan jangkauan glasial pada masa glasial maksimum terakhir.

Glasial Maksimum Terakhir (bahasa Inggris: Last Glacial Maximum) adalah periode terakhir dalam sejarah Bumi ketika lapisan es mencapai jangkauan terluasnya. Perluasan lapisan es mencapai jangkauan maksimalnya sekitar 26.500 tahun yang lalu. Deglasiasi dimulai di Belahan Utara sekitar 20.000 tahun yang lalu dan di Antarktika sekitar 14.500 tahun yang lalu. Kemungkinan peristiwa deglasiasi ini memicu kenaikan permukaan laut sekitar 14.500 tahun yang lalu.[1]

Pada masa glasial maksimum terakhir, lapisan-lapisan es yang luas menutupi Amerika Utara, Eropa Utara, dan Asia. Lapisan es ini sangat berdampak terhadap iklim Bumi karena mengakibatkan kekeringan, desertifikasi, dan penurunan tingkat permukaan laut.[2]

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Clark, Peter U.; Dyke, Arthur S.; Shakun, Jeremy D.; Carlson, Anders E.; Clark, Jorie; Wohlfarth, Barbara; Mitrovica, Jerry X.; Hostetler, Steven W. & McCabe, A. Marshall (2009). "The Last Glacial Maximum". Science. 325 (5941): 710–4. Bibcode:2009Sci...325..710C. doi:10.1126/science.1172873. PMID 19661421.  "The onset of Northern Hemisphere deglaciation 19 to 20 ka was induced by an increase in northern summer insolation, providing the source for an abrupt rise in sea level. The onset of deglaciation of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet occurred between 14 and 15 ka, consistent with evidence that this was the primary source for an abrupt rise in sea level ~14.5 ka."
  2. ^ Mithen, Steven (2004). After the Ice: a global human history, 20.000–5.000 BC. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press. hlm. 3. ISBN 0-674-01570-3. 

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