Gelombang akustik

Gelombang akustik adalah gelombang mekanik yang mentransmisikan energi melalui pergerakan atom dan molekul. Gelombang akustik merambat melalui zat cair secara longitudinal (pergerakan partikel sejajar dengan arah rambat gelombang); berbeda dengan gelombang elektromagnetik yang merambat secara transversal (pergerakan partikel tegak lurus terhadap arah rambat gelombang). Namun dalam kasus zat padat, gelombang akustik dapat merambat secara longitudinal maupun transversal karena tidak adanya modulus geser pada wujud materi tersebut.[1]

Gelombang akustik merupakan suatu jenis perambatan energi melalui suatu medium yang menggunakan proses bongkar muat adiabatik. Besaran-besaran yang umum digunakan untuk menjelaskan gelombang akustik adalah tekanan akustik, kecepatan partikel, perpindahan partikel, dan intensitas akustik. Gelombang akustik merambat dengan karakteristik kecepatan akustik yang bergantung pada medium yang dilaluinya. Beberapa contoh gelombang akustik adalah bunyi yang dapat didengar dari pengeras suara (gelombang yang merambat melalui udara dengan kecepatan bunyi), gelombang seismik (getaran tanah yang merambat melalui bumi), atau ultrabunyi yang digunakan untuk pencitraan medis (gelombang yang merambat melalui tubuh).

Lihat juga

Referensi

  1. ^ Leisure, Robert G. (2017-06-09). "Ultrasonic Spectroscopy: Applications in Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science". Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781316658901.004. ISBN 978-1-107-15413-1. 
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