Firmicutes (bahasa Latin: firmus, kuat, dan cutis, kulit, mengacu pada dinding sel) merupakan filum bakteri, yang sebagian besar memiliki struktur dinding sel Gram-positif.[1] Beberapa, bagaimanapun, seperti Megasphaera, Pectinatus, Selenomonas dan Haemophilus, memiliki pseudo-membran-luar berpori yang menyebabkan mereka untuk berwarna Gram-negatif. Para ilmuwan pernah mengklasifikasikan Firmicutes untuk mencakup semua bakteri Gram-positif, tetapi baru-baru ini didefinisikan mereka untuk menjadi sebuah kelompok inti dari bentuk terkait yang disebut kelompok rendah-G+C, berbeda dengan Actinobacteria. Mereka memiliki sel bulat, yang disebut kokus, atau bentuk seperti batang (basilus).
Taksonomi yang saat ini diterima berdasarkan List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [2] dan National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[3] dan filogeni berdasarkan 16S rRNA-based LTP release 111 oleh The All-Species Living Tree Project [4]
?Thermodesulfobiaceae
?Synergistaceae {Clostridiales Family XV Incertae Sedis}
?Clostridium thermoamylolyticum ♠ Katkocin et al. 1985
Thermaerobacter
Caldicellulosiruptor
Thermoanaerobacteraceae
Thermanaeromonas toyohensis
Dictyoglomus
Thermoanaerobacterales Unnamed clade I (incl. Fervidicola)
Thermoanaerobacterales Unnamed clade II
Gelria glutamica
Clostridiales Family XVIII Incertae Sedis
Sulfobacillus
Clostridia s.s. (incl. Thermolithobacter, Negativicutes & Thermoanaerobacterales Unnamed clade III)
Bacilli (incl. Erysipelotrichia & Mollicutes)
Catatan: ♠ Galur yang ditemukan di National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) tetapi tidak terdaftar di List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature LPSN
Sementara saat ini ada lebih dari 274 genera dalam filum Firmicutes, genera Firmicutes yang terkenal mencakup:
Bacilli, ordo Bacillales
Bacilli, ordo Lactobacillales
Clostridia
Erysipelotrichi
|publisher=
Corynebacterineae: Mycobacteriaceae · Nocardiaceae · Corynebacteriaceae
Frankineae: Frankiaceae
سكايلر كولفاكس (بالإنجليزية: Schuyler Colfax) نائب رئيس الولايات المتحدةالسابع عشر في المنصب4 مارس 1869 – 4 مارس 1873 الرئيس يوليسيس جرانت أندرو جونسون هنري ويلسون رئيس مجلس النواب الأمريكي في المنصب7 ديسمبر 1863 – 3 مارس 1869 Galusha A. Grow Theodore M. Pomeroy عضو مجلس النواب الأمريكي في المنصب4
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