Felvidék

"Cassovia: Superioris Hungariae Civitas Primaria",[1] the prospect from Civitates orbis terrarum. Cassovia (Slowakia: Košice, Jerman: Kaschau, Hungaria: Kassa), "ibu kota "Felföld" pada tahun 1617.

Felföld (secara harfiah berarti "Tanah Hulu") atau Hungaria Hulu, adalah istilah dalam bahasa Hungaria yang mengacu pada wilayah yang sebelumnya merupakan bagian utara Kerajaan Hungaria (kini Slowakia).[2][3][4][5] Wilayah ini juga disebut Felső-Magyarország (secara harfiah berarti "Hungaria Hulu", bahasa Slowakia: Horné Uhorsko).

Pada masa peperangan melawan Utsmaniyah, Felföld hanya mencakup wilayah timur laut Kerajaan Hungaria. Wilayah barat laut (kini Slowakia barat dan tengah) dijuluki "Hungaria Hilir". Pada abad ke-18 atau ke-19, seluruh wilayah utara kerajaan mulai disebut dengan istilah Felföld saja. Persebaran etnis Felföld cukup beragam dan terdiri dari orang-orang Slowakia, Hungaria, Jerman, dan Ruthenia. Data demografi kompleks pertama yang dikumpulkan pada abad ke-18 menunjukkan bahwa orang Slowakia merupakan kelompok mayoritas di wilayah ini.[6] Orang-orang Slowakia menjuluki wilayah ini "Slovensko" (Slowakia). Istilah ini muncul dalam dokumen-dokumen tertulis dari abad ke-15, tetapi tidak didefinisikan secara rinci[7] dan wilayah yang dihuni oleh orang-orang Slowakia tidak memiliki status hukum, konstitusional, atau politik di Hungaria. Karena mereka telah ditindas oleh Hungaria selama satu abad.[8]

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Kniha (Matica slovenská) ISSN 1336-5436, 2008: p. 16.
  2. ^ Gardiner, Duncan (1991). German Towns in Slovakia and Upper Hungary: A Genealogical Gazetteer. ISBN 978-0-929871-02-8. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-08-29. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-16. 
  3. ^ Berger, Tilman (July 2003). "Slovaks in Czechia — Czechs in Slovakia" (PDF). International Journal of the Sociology of Language. 2003 (162): 19–39. doi:10.1515/ijsl.2003.035. ISSN 0165-2516. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-12-09. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-16. 
  4. ^ Hirsch, Eric (April 1997). "Voices from the Black Box: Folk Song, Boy Scouts and the Construction of Folk Nationalist Hegemony in Hungary, 1930–1944". Antipode. 29 (2): 197–215. doi:10.1111/1467-8330.00043. ISSN 1467-8330. 
  5. ^ Demarée, G.R.; Ogilvie, A.E.J. (2001). "Bons Baisers d'Islande: Climatic, Environmental, and Human Dimensions Impacts of the Lakagígar Eruption (1783-1784) in Iceland". Dalam Jones, Philip D. History and Climate: Memories of the Future?. Kluwer Academic Publishers. hlm. 234. ISBN 0306465892. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-16. 
  6. ^ Kocsis, Károly; Kocsisné Hodosi, Eszter (1998). Ethnic Geography of the Hungarian Minorities in the Carpathian Basin. Budapest: Geographical Research Institute Research Centre for Earth Sciences. hlm. 41. ISBN 9637395849. [pranala nonaktif permanen]
  7. ^ Kováč, Dušan (2011). "Slovakia, the Slovaks and their history". Dalam Teich, Mikuláš; Kováč, Dušan. Slovakia in history. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 3. ISBN 0521802539. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-16. 
  8. ^ Felak, James Ramon (1994). At the Price of the Republic: Hlinka's Slovak People's Party, 1929–1938. University of Pittsburgh Press. hlm. 3–. ISBN 978-0-8229-3779-1. 

49°00′00″N 19°00′00″E / 49.0000°N 19.0000°E / 49.0000; 19.0000

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