Farmakoterapi

Farmakoterapi adalah sub ilmu dari farmakologi yang mempelajari tentang penanganan penyakit melalui penggunaan obat.^[1] Dalam ilmu ini obat-obatan digunakan untuk membuat diagnosis, mencegah timbulnya, dan cara menyembuhkan suatu penyakit.^[1] Selain itu, farmakoterapi juga mempelajari khasiat obat pada berbagai penyakit, bahaya yang dikandungnya, kontraindikasi obat, pemberian obat yang tepat.^[1] Bagian instrumen ilmu pengetahuan yang menyertai farmakoterapi adalah terapi operasi, terapi radiasi, terapi fisik.^[1]

Ilmu farmakoterapi melibatkan hampir seluruh cabang ilmu obat-obatan, dan mengintegrasikan multidisiplin ilmu pengetahuan seperti ilmu kimia.^[1] Dalam dunia industri, farmakoterapi banyak memberikan keuntungan bagi para wirausahawan tiap tahunnya, industri farmakoterapi dapat menginvestasikan miliyaran rupiah dalam bisnis pengembangan obat-obatan.^[2]

Ilmu ini merupakan ilmu tertua di dunia.^[2] Hampir seluruh peradaban memiliki cara dan tradisi mengembangkan farmakoterapi, seperti obat-obatan herbal di Cina.^[2] Sebelum terdapat ilmu farmakoterapi modern, segala bahan yang tersedia di alam seperti tanaman, hewan, dan materi lainnya digunakan dalam percobaan mencari obat untuk penyembuhan.^[2] Barulah pada tahun 1800 farmakoterapi diakui sebagai disiplin ilmu yang berdiri sendiri yang terfokus pada pengembangan obat-obatan sintetis, riset-riset, penggunaannya, dan efek samping yang dimiliki.^[2] Ahli farmasi adalah para ahli di bidang farmakoterapi yang bertanggungjawab untuk memastikan keamanan, kewajaran, dan keekonomisan penggunaan obat-obatan.^[3] Kemampuan yang dibutuhkan untuk menjadi seorang farmakoterapis meliputi pengetahuan, pengalaman kerja di bidang biomedis dan ilmu pengetahuan klinis.^[3]

Rujukan

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Shadily, Hassan.Ensiklopedia Indonesia. Jakarta:Ichtiar Baru Van Hoeve.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "What Is Pharmacoteraphy?". Wisegeek. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-10-19. Diakses tanggal 29 Mei 2014.
^ ^a ^b The ACCP Clinical Practice Affairs Committee Subcommittee B, 1998–1999 (2000), Practice Guidelines for Pharmacotherapy Specialists. Pharmacotherapy, 20: 487–490. doi: 10.1592/phco.20.5.487.35054

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