Epifit

Epifit

Tumbuhan epifit adalah tumbuhan yang tumbuh dengan cara menumpang pada tumbuhan lain sebagai tempat hidupnya.^[1] Namanya dibentuk dari bahasa Yunani: epi-, permukaan atau tutup, dan phyton, tumbuhan atau pohon.

Berbeda dengan parasit, epifit dapat sepenuhnya mandiri, lepas dari tanah sebagai penyangga dan penyedia hara bagi kehidupannya, maupun dari hara yang disediakan tumbuhan lain. Air diperoleh dari hujan, embun, atau uap air.^[1] Hara mineral diperoleh dari debu atau hasil dekomposisi batang serta sisa-sisa bagian tumbuhan lain yang terurai. Meskipun tidak "mencuri" hara dari tumbuhan yang ditumpanginya, epifit dapat menjadi pesaing terhadap ketersediaan cahaya. Akar epifit kadang-kadang juga menutupi dan menembus batang pohon yang ditumpangi sehingga merusak keseimbangan fisiologi tumbuhan inangnya.

Contoh epifit yang populer adalah berbagai macam anggrek, nanas-nanasan (bromeliad), serta paku-pakuan.

Referensi

^ ^a ^b Parker, Sybil, P (1984). McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Biology. McGraw-Hill Company. hlm. 123.

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