Dos Pilas

Dos Pilas
629–761
StatusKota
Ibu kotaDos Pilas
PemerintahanMonarki
• 648–692
B'alaj Chan K'awiil
• 698–726
Itzamnaaj K'awiil
• 727–741
Ucha'an K'in B'alam
• 741–761
K'awiil Chan K'inich
Era SejarahKlasik Akhir
• Didirikan
629
• Ditaklukan oleh Calakmul
648
• Menundukkan Seibal
735
• Kota ditinggalkan
761
Sunting kotak info
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Dos Pilas adalah sebuah kota Maya yang terletak di Departemen Petén di Guatemala. Kota ini didirikan pada tahun 629 M oleh B'alaj Chan K'awiil yang merupakan keturunan keluarga kerajaan Tikal dengan tujuan untuk mengendalikan jalur dagang di wilayah Petexbatún.[1] Pada tahun 648, Dos Pilas memisahkan diri dari Tikal dan mendapatkan perlindungan dari Calakmul, walaupun dua raja pertama Dos Pilas masih menggunakan lambang glif yang sama dengan Tikal.[2][3] Negara ini sedari awal merupakan negara yang agresif. Mereka menaklukkan Itzan, Arroyo de Piedra, dan Tamarindito. Dos Pilas dan kota Aguateca yang terletak tidak jauh darinya kemudian menjadi ibu kota satu dinasti penguasa.[4] Kerajaan ini disebut Kerajaan Petexbatun oleh sejarawan.[5]

Dos Pilas

Seperti kota-kota lainnya di wilayah Petén, kota Dos Pilas ditinggalkan oleh penduduknya pada tahun 761 selama peristiwa keruntuhan Maya Klasik.

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Salisbury, Koumenalis & Barbara Moffett 2002.
  2. ^ Webster 2002, hlm. 263.
  3. ^ Webster 2002, hlm. 275.
  4. ^ Martin & Grube 2000, hlm. 54–55.
  5. ^ Sharer & Traxler 2006, hlm. 386.

Daftar pustaka

Brady, James E. (September 1997). "Settlement Configuration and Cosmology: The Role of Caves at Dos Pilas". American Anthropologist. New Series. Oxford/Arlington, VA: Blackwell Publishing on behalf of the American Anthropological Association. 99 (3): 602–618. doi:10.1525/aa.1997.99.3.602. 
Coe, Michael D. (1999). The Maya. Ancient peoples and places series (edisi ke-6th edition, fully revised and expanded). London and New York: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-28066-5. OCLC 59432778. 
Demarest, Arthur A. (2006). The Petexbatun Regional Archaeological Project: A Multidisciplinary Study of the Maya Collapse. Vanderbilt Institute of Mesoamerican Archaeology series, vol. 1. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press. ISBN 978-0-8265-1520-9. OCLC 63178772. 
Drew, David (1999). The Lost Chronicles of the Maya Kings. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-297-81699-3. OCLC 43401096. 
Fahsen, Federico (2002). "Rescuing the Origins of Dos Pilas Dynasty: A Salvage of Hieroglyphic Stairway #2, Structure L5-49". The Foundation Granting Department: Reports Submitted to FAMSI. Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (FAMSI). Diakses tanggal 2008-03-06. 
Fahsen, Federico; Jorge Mario Ortiz; Jeannette Castellanos; Luis Fernando Luin (2003). "La Escalinata 2 de Dos Pilas, Petén: Los nuevos escalones" (PDF). XVI Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2002 (edited by J.P. Laporte, B. Arroyo, H. Escobedo and H. Mejía), pp. 679–692. (dalam bahasa Spanyol). Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF online publication) tanggal 2011-07-07. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-10. 
Guenter, Stanley Paul. "The Inscriptions of Dos Pilas Associated with B'ajlaj Chan K'awiil" (PDF online publication). Mesoweb articles. Mesoweb: An Exploration of Mesoamerican Cultures. Diakses tanggal 2009-01-25. 
Houston, Stephen D. (1993). Hieroglyphs and History at Dos Pilas: Dynastic Politics of the Classic Maya. Austin: University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-73855-2. OCLC 25507968. 
Houston, Stephen D.; Peter Mathews (April 1985). "The Dynastic Sequence of Dos Pilas, Guatemala" (PDF). San Francisco: Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-14. 
Ivanoff, Pierre (1975). Monuments of civilization: Maya. London: Cassell. ISBN 0-304-29434-9. OCLC 314587253. 
Kelly, Joyce (1996). An Archaeological Guide to Northern Central America: Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-2858-5. OCLC 34658843. 
Martin, Simon; Nikolai Grube (2000). Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Deciphering the Dynasties of the Ancient Maya. London and New York: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05103-8. OCLC 47358325. 
Mathews, Peter; Gordon R. Willey (1991). "Prehistoric polities of the Pasion region: hieroglyphic texts and their archaeological settings". Dalam T. Patrick Culbert (ed.). Classic Maya Political History: Hieroglyphic and Archaeological Evidence. School of American Research advanced seminar series. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 30–71. ISBN 0-521-39210-1. OCLC 20931118. 
Miller, Mary Ellen (1999). Maya Art and Architecture. London and New York: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-20327-X. OCLC 41659173. 
O'Mansky, Matt; Nicholas P. Dunning (2005). "Settlement and Late Classic Political Disintegration in the Petexbatun Region, Guatemala". Dalam Arthur A. Demarest, Prudence M. Rice, and Don Stephen Rice (eds.). The Terminal Classic in the Maya lowlands: Collapse, Transition, and Transformation. Boulder: University Press of Colorado. hlm. 83–101. ISBN 0-87081-822-8. OCLC 61719499. 
Salisbury, David; Mimi Koumenalis; Barbara Moffett (19 September 2002). "Newly revealed hieroglyphs tell story of superpower conflict in the Maya world" (PDF). Exploration: the online research journal of Vanderbilt University. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Office of Science and Research Communications. OCLC 50324967. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF online publication) tanggal 2 November 2014. Diakses tanggal 2008-03-03. 
Schele, Linda; David Freidel (1990). A Forest of Kings: The Untold Story of the Ancient Maya. New York: William Morrow and Company. ISBN 0-688-11204-8. OCLC 24501607. 
Sharer, Robert J.; Loa P. Traxler (2006). The Ancient Maya (edisi ke-6th (fully revised)). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-4817-9. OCLC 57577446. 
Vinson, George L. (1960). "Las ruinas mayas de Petexbatún". Antropología e Historia de Guatemala (dalam bahasa Spanyol). Guatemala City: Instituto de Antropología e Historia de Guatemala. 12 (2): 3–9. ISSN 0003-6102. OCLC 2444876. 
Webster, David L. (2002). The Fall of the Ancient Maya: Solving the Mystery of the Maya Collapse. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05113-5. OCLC 48753878. 

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