Dasar gelombang

Diagram dasar gelombang.

Dasar gelombang (bahasa Inggris: wave base) merupakan sebuah istilah dalam oseanografi fisik yang berarti kedalaman maksimum pengaruh gelombang terhadap pergerakan air yang signifikan. Partikel air dan sedimen yang terletak lebih dalam daripada dasar gelombang tidak terpengaruh oleh lewatnya gelombang di atasnya.[1]

Proses

Air laut bergerak memutar ketika sebuah gelombang melewatinya. Radius gerakan memutar partikel air akan berkurang secara eksponensial. Dasar gelombang, batas pengaruh gelombang terhadap partikel air, berada sekitar setengah kali panjang gelombang. Pada kedalaman tersebut, besar pergerakan partikel air hanya 4% dari besarnya di permukaan laut[2] sehingga dapat diabaikan.

Sebagai contoh, dalam sebuah kolam sedalam 1 meter, sebuah gelombang sepanjang 3 meter dapat menggerakkan air di dasar gelombang. Apabila panjang gelombang dikurangi menjadi 0,5 meter, partikel di dasar kolam tidak akan terpengaruh.

Klasifikasi

Terdapat dua tipe dasar gelombang, yakni fair weather wave base (FWWB) dan the storm wave base (SWB).[1] FWWB merujuk pada kedalaman dasar gelombang dalam kondisi normal. Sementara itu, SWB merujuk pada kedalaman dasar gelombang akibat badai.

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ a b R. G. Dean; R. A. Dalrymple (1991). Water wave mechanics for engineers and scientists. Advanced Series on Ocean Engineering. 2. World Scientific, Singapore. ISBN 978-981-02-0420-4. 
  2. ^ Pada kedalaman setengah kali panjang gelombang, amplitudo pergerakan partikel air akibat gelombang telah berkurang menjadi e−π ≈ 0.04 kali pergerakan air di permukaan.

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