Sebuah perhitungan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) yang menggunakan metode baru dilaksanakan oleh Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dari tahun 2010 hingga sekarang. Berikut ini akan disajikan penjelasan, dimensi dasar, manfaat, dan metodologi perhitungan IPM, serta daftar kabupaten dan kota Jawa Barat menurut IPM tahun 2011.
Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM)/Human Development Index (HDI) adalah pengukuran perbandingan dari harapan hidup, melek huruf, pendidikan dan standar hidup untuk semua negara seluruh dunia. IPM digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan apakah sebuah negara adalah negara maju, negara berkembang atau negara terbelakang dan juga untuk mengukur pengaruh dari kebijaksanaan ekonomi terhadap kualitas hidup.[1]
Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) memiliki tiga dimensi yang digunakan sebagai dasar perhitungannya:
Menurut Badan Pusat Statisitik (BPS), Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) memiliki beberapa manfaat:
Setiap komponen IPM distandardisasi dengan nilai minimum dan maksimum sebelum digunakan untuk menghitung IPM. Rumus yang digunakan sebagai berikut.
I k e s e h a t a n = A H H − − --> A H H m i n A H H m a k s − − --> A H H m i n {\displaystyle Ikesehatan={AHH-AHHmin \over AHHmaks-AHHmin}}
Keterangan:
I: indeks komponen
AHH: angka harapan hidup
AHHmin: angka harapan hidup terendah
AHHmaks: angka harapan hidup tertinggi
I H L S = H L S − − --> H L S m i n H L S m a k s − − --> H L S m i n {\displaystyle IHLS={HLS-HLSmin \over HLSmaks-HLSmin}}
HLS: harapan lama sekolah
HLSmin: harapan lama sekolah terendah
HLSmaks: harapan lama sekolah tertinggi
I R L S = R L S − − --> R L S m i n R L S m a k s − − --> R L S m i n {\displaystyle IRLS={RLS-RLSmin \over RLSmaks-RLSmin}}
RLS: rata-rata lama sekolah
RLSmin: rata-rata lama sekolah terendah
RLSmaks: rata-rata lama sekolah tertinggi
I p e n d i d i k a n = I H L S + I R L S 2 {\displaystyle Ipendidikan={IHLS+IRLS \over 2}}
I p e n g e l u a r a n = I n ( p e n g e l u a r a n ) − − --> I n ( p e n g e l u a r a n m i n ) I n ( p e n g e l u a r a n m a k s ) − − --> I n ( p e n g e l u a r a n m i n ) {\displaystyle Ipengeluaran={In(pengeluaran)-In(pengeluaranmin) \over In(pengeluaranmaks)-In(pengeluaranmin)}}
In: indeks komponen
pengeluaranmin: pengeluaran terendah
pengeluaranmaks: pengeluaran tertinggi
I P M = I k e s e h a t a n × × --> I p e n d i d i k a n × × --> I p e n g e l u a r a n a × × --> 100 {\displaystyle IPM={\sqrt[{a}]{Ikesehatan\times Ipendidikan\times Ipengeluaran}}\times 100}
IPM: indeks pembangunan manusia
Data di bawah ini merupakan data perhitungan Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS).
Tahun 2012 untuk Perkiraan IPM Tahun 2011[5]
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