Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan

Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan adalah cagar alam yang terletak di Kecamatan Kendawangan, Kabupaten Ketapang, Kalimantan Barat. Penetapannya berdasarkan keputusan Direktorat Jenderal Kehutanan Nomor 2240/DJ/l/1981. Surat ini dikeluarkan pada tanggal 12 Oktober 1981. Lahan yang digunakan seluas 150.000 Hektare. Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan kemudian ditetapkan lagi sebagai cagar alam melalui Surat Keputusan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 575/Kp[ts/Um/10/1982. Luasnya ditambah sehingga menjadi 175.000 Hektare. Penataan luas lahan dan batas diadakan lagi pada tahun 1993. Luas lahan ini kemudian diperkecil menjadi 149.079 Hektare. Penetapannya berdasarkan pada Surat Keputusan Menteri Kehutanan Nomor 174/Kpts-II/1993 yang diterbtikan tanggal 4 Nopember 1993. Dalam sistem koordinat geografis, letak Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan di 2°20’ - 3°00’ Lintang Selatan dan 110°05’ - 110°35’ Bujur Timur. Ekosistem di dalam kawasan terbagi menjadi ekosistem hutan pantai, hutan bakau, hutan rawa air tawar, hutan gambut, hutan dataran rendah, hutan kerangas dan padang rumput. Ekosistem pantai merupakan tempat bertelur bagi tiga jenis penyu seperti penyu sisik, penyu hijau, dan penyu belimbing. Kawasan Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan juga ditumbuhi oleh meranti, ulin, dan jelutung. Sebagian besar kawasan merupakan padang rumput. Beberapa fauna yang menjadikan padang rumput sebagai habitatnya ialah rusa dan pelanduk kerangas. Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan dikelola oleh Balai Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Kalimantan Barat.[1]

Masalah lingkungan dan Ancaman

Masalah utama di dalam Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan adalah kerusakan hutan. Penebangan liar serta pembangunan pemukiman dan peladangan membuat lahan hutan rusak. Masalah lain yang timbul ialah kebakaran hutan. Kondisi ini menyebabkan lahan berbentuk padang rumput di Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan berkurang. Hal ini kemudian mengurangi dan menggangu rantai makanan dari rusa yang banyak hidup di dalamnya.[2] Kebakaran hutan disekitar Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan juga disebabkan oleh aktivitas pemburu (rusa sambar) yang biasanya melakukan pembakaran lahan terlebih dahulu untuk menumbuhkan pucuk-pucuk muda sebagai makanan utama dari rusa, sehingga disekitar tumbuhan muda tersebut mereka pasang jerat atau mereka lakukan perburuan secara langsung dengan menggunakan senapan dan alat tangkap sejenisnya. selain itu tingkap konsumtif dari masyarakat terhadap rusa juga cukup tinggi, dan saat ini juga dijual bebas dipasaran desa-desa sekitar Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan, hal ini tentunya menjadi ancaman serius unttuk keberlangsungan hidup rusa.

Referensi

  1. ^ Direktorat Pemolaan dan Informasi Konservasi Alam (2016). Informasi 521 Kawasan Konservasi Region Kalimantan - Sulawesi (PDF). Bogor: Direktorat Pemolaan dan Informasi Konservasi Alam, Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. hlm. 18. 
  2. ^ Uji, Tahan (2003). "Keanekaragaman dan Potensi Flora di Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan, Kalimantan Barat" (PDF). Biodiversitas. 4 (1): 112. ISSN 1411-4402. 

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