Brandenburgers

Battalion – December 1939 Division – February 1943 – March 1944 Panzergrenadier-Division – 1944–1945.
Division "Brandenburg" Vehicle Insignia
Aktif	1939–1945
Negara	Nazi Germany
Cabang	Army
Peran	Special Operations Special Reconnaissance Airborne infantry Covert operations Amphibious warfare
Jumlah personel	Company (initial) Division (at peak)
Bagian dari	Abwehr
Markas	Stendal Friedenthal
Julukan	'Brandenburg'
Pertempuran	World War II
Tokoh
Tokoh berjasa	Theodor von Hippel Adrian von Fölkersam

Brandenburgers atau biasanya juga disebut Brandenburg saja, adalah sebuah unit pasukan khusus komando yang dimiliki oleh Jerman selama Perang Dunia II, pasukan ini juga sekaligus menjadi salah satu cikal-bakal pasukan spionase dan mata-mata dalam operasi intelejen dan kontra-intelejen pada era modern.^[1]

Sejarah

Selama Perang Dunia I, pasukan-pasukan kecil yang bertugas untuk menyusup ke garis belakang musuh sebenarnya sudah ada. Seperti taktik spionase dan sabotase yang dilakukan oleh T. E Lawrence atau "Lawrence of Arabia" salah seorang pimpinan pasukan Inggris yang mampu menggunakan keahlian Bahasa Arabnya untuk mengalahkan Turki di Semenanjung Arabia yang turut berperan dalam berdirinya Arab Saudi dan juga taktik gerilya yang digunakan oleh Jenderal Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck, panglima pasukan Kekaisaran Jerman di Afrika selama Perang Dunia I juga melakukan hal yang sama. Kegemilangan operasi-operasi intelejen semacam itu pada Perang Dunia I telah menginspirasi salah seroang perwira Wehrmacht Kapten Hauptmann Theodor von Hippel untuk mendirikan sebuah badan intelejen semasa rezim Reich Ketiga.^[2]

Untuk mewujudkan upayanya, von Hippel kemudian mengusulkan gagasannya kepada Reichswehr namun ditolak, itu karena banyak perwira Reichswehr masih berpola pikir ortodoks dalam menentukan taktik perang, seperti masih tetap ingin menggunakan taktik perang frontal dan sistem parit. Namun, ketika Wehrmacht berdiri menggantikan Reichswehr, von Hippel berhasil melobi pimpinan Abwehr (Departemen Intelejen Angaktan Darat Jerman) untuk menyambut rencana Adolf Hitler untuk menyerang Polandia. Ahirnya Abwehr menyetujui pembentukan pasukan khusus pada 1939, yang menjadi awal beridirinya pasukan khusus intelejen, Brandenburg.^[3]

Referensi

^ M. Daud Darmawan, Pasukan Elit Perang Dunia II - Perang Dunia II Awal Dimulainya Perang Teknologi Senjata dan Lahirnya Pasukan Elit, (Yogyakarta: Pinus, 2008) hal. 65
^ M. Daud Darmawan, Pasukan Elit Perang Dunia II - Perang Dunia II Awal Dimulainya Perang Teknologi Senjata dan Lahirnya Pasukan Elit, (Yogyakarta: Pinus, 2008) hal. 66
^ M. Daud Darmawan, Pasukan Elit Perang Dunia II - Perang Dunia II Awal Dimulainya Perang Teknologi Senjata dan Lahirnya Pasukan Elit, (Yogyakarta: Pinus, 2008) hal. 66 dan 67

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