Bataafse Petroleum Maatschappij atau Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij (biasa disingkat menjadi BPM), dulu adalah anak usaha dari Royal Dutch Shell di Hindia Belanda yang kemudian menjadi Indonesia.[1][2]
Perusahaan ini didirikan pada tahun 1907.[1][2] Perusahaan ini pun menjadi anak usaha utama dari Shell di Indonesia (saat itu masih bernama Hindia Belanda) dan mendominasi industri minyak bumi di Indonesia selama masa pendudukan Belanda, sehingga menjadikan perusahaan ini sebagai salah satu perusahaan terbesar di Indonesia pada saat itu. Sumur minyak utama dari perusahaan ini dulu terletak di Pangkalan Brandan (Sumatera Utara), yang juga dianggap sebagai awal mula dari Royal Dutch Shell. Pada dekade 1920-an, lebih dari 95% dari total minyak mentah Indonesia diproduksi oleh perusahaan ini.[3]
Pasca pendudukan Jepang di Indonesia, sumur minyak milik Shell di Pangkalan Brandan diambil alih oleh tentara Indonesia. Pada tahun 1957, pemerintah Indonesia menjadikan sumur minyak di Pangkalan Brandan sebagai modal untuk mendirikan Permina, pendahulu dari Pertamina. Pada dekade 1950-an, Caltex (kini Chevron) dan Stanvac (kini ExxonMobil) berinvestasi besar-besaran di Indonesia, sehingga pangsa pasar BPM turun menjadi hanya 34% pada tahun 1957, sementara Caltex dan Stanvac masing-masing dapat menguasai pangsa pasar sebesar 46% dan 20%. Akhirnya Shell memutuskan untuk keluar dari Indonesia pada tahun 1965. Pada awal dekade 2000-an, Shell kembali masuk ke Indonesia, tapi hanya berbisnis di bidang distribusi olahan minyak bumi.[4]
Perusahaan ini kemudian menjadi perusahaan induk di Belanda bagi Royal Dutch Shell, bersama dengan Anglo-Saxon Petroleum Company yang menjadi perusahaan induk di Britania Raya bagi Royal Dutch Shell. Pada tahun 2005, dua perusahaan tersebut digabung untuk membentuk perusahaan induk tunggal bagi Royal Dutch Shell.[5]
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Maria Rita Maria Rita en 2018Información personalNombre de nacimiento Maria Rita Camargo Mariano Nacimiento 9 de septiembre de 1977 (46 años)São Paulo (Brasil) Nacionalidad BrasileñaReligión Candomblé FamiliaPadres César Camargo Mariano Elis Regina Cónyuge Marcus Baldini (2003-2004)Davi Moraes (2011-2019) EducaciónEducada en Universidad de Nueva York Información profesionalOcupación Cantante y artista discográfica Años activa desde 2001Seudónimo Maria Rita Género Samba y…
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American painter For other people named John Alexander, see John Alexander (disambiguation). This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (October 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) John White AlexanderAlexander in 1882 or 1883Born(1856-10-07)October 7, 1856Allegheny, PennsylvaniaDiedMay 31, 1915(1915-05-31) (aged 58)New YorkNation…
Coordenadas: 48° 49' 34 N 6° 41' 55 E Val-de-Bride Comuna francesa Localização Val-de-BrideLocalização de Val-de-Bride na França Coordenadas 48° 49' 34 N 6° 41' 55 E País França Região Grande Leste Departamento Mosela Características geográficas Área total 11,12 km² População total (2018) [1] 596 hab. Densidade 53,6 hab./km² Código Postal 57260 Código INSEE 57270 Val-de-Bride é uma comuna francesa…
Detail of the Stauffenberg Altarpiece – Sorrow of Mary Detail of the Stauffenberg Altarpiece – Dead Christ The Master of the Stauffenberg Altarpiece (French: Maître du retable de Stauffenberg) is a 15th-century Anonymous Master from Alsace or nearby who was stylistically influenced by Rogier van der Weyden. His name derives from a triptych kept in the Unterlinden Museum, Colmar, since its creation. The altarpiece was painted between 1454 and 1460 at the behest of Hans Erhard Bock von Stauff…
1990 Chinese television series Tang Ming HuangPosterChinese唐明皇Hanyu PinyinTáng Míng Huáng GenreHistorical dramaScreenplay byWu Yinyi (novel)Zhang XianYe NanCao HuiLiu ChenzhongDirected byChen JialinStarringLiu WeiLin FangbingTheme music composerZhang ZhuoyaWang ZujieComposerYao ShengchangCountry of originChinaOriginal languageMandarinNo. of episodes40ProductionExecutive producerZhang TianminProducersJin YushengQiu LiangWu BikeWeng DaocaiProduction locationChinaCinematographyDong JueDu X…
State highway in Wisconsin, United States State Trunk Highway 175WIS 175 highlighted in redRoute informationMaintained by WisDOTLength51.4 mi[1] (82.7 km)Major junctionsSouth end WIS 59 in West MilwaukeeNorth end US 151 in Fond du Lac LocationCountryUnited StatesStateWisconsinCountiesMilwaukee, Waukesha, Washington, Dodge, Fond du Lac Highway system Wisconsin State Trunk Highway System Interstate US State Scenic Rustic ← WIS 174→ WIS 176 F…
2001 studio album by Dave Burrell and Tyrone BrownRecitalStudio album by Dave Burrell and Tyrone BrownReleased2001RecordedAugust 8, 2000GenreJazzLength67:34LabelCIMPDave Burrell chronology Brother to Brother(1993) Recital(2001) Expansion(2001) Recital is a studio album released by jazz pianist Dave Burrell. It was recorded on August 8, 2000, and released in 2001 by the label CIMP. The album is a duet with bassist Tyrone Brown. The album is considered as simple, yet stately.[1] Tr…
Der Evangelische Namenkalender ist ein dem katholischen Heiligenkalender vergleichbares Verzeichnis, das vorwiegend Persönlichkeiten der vorreformatorischen Zeit und des Protestantismus enthält. Der Kalender wurde in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts unter Federführung der Evangelischen Michaelsbruderschaft entworfen und 1969 vom Rat der EKD offiziell freigegeben. Die dabei angenommene Version ist jene, die im Jahrbuch für Liturgik und Hymnologie Bd. 19 (1975) veröffentlicht wurd…
American politician Robert B. Taylorportrait attributed to Cephas ThompsonBorn(1774-03-24)March 24, 1774Norfolk, Virginia, Virginia ColonyDied1834(1834-00-00) (aged 59–60)Norfolk, Virginia, U.S.Occupation(s)Soldier, LawyerTitleBrigadier General, Judge Robert B. Taylor (March 24, 1774 – April 13, 1834) was a nineteenth-century American lawyer and militia Brigadier General from Virginia. Early life Taylor was born in Williamsburg, Virginia, and graduated from the College of William and Ma…
Ukrainian diplomat This biographical article is written like a résumé. Please help improve it by revising it to be neutral and encyclopedic. (July 2022) Lana ZerkalЛана ЗеркальDeputy Minister of Foreign Affairs (Ukraine) for the European IntegrationIn office20 August 2014[1] – 2019Director of Department on Liaison with State Authorities, Ministry of JusticeIn office2011–2013Director of the State Department on Approximation of Legislation, Ministry of Justice (Uk…
Stadion GoffertThe BloedkuulInformasi stadionPemilikKota NijmegenOperatorN.E.C. NijmegenLokasiLokasiStadionplein 1 Nijmegen BelandaKoordinat51°49′21″N 5°50′12″E / 51.82250°N 5.83667°E / 51.82250; 5.83667Koordinat: 51°49′21″N 5°50′12″E / 51.82250°N 5.83667°E / 51.82250; 5.83667KonstruksiDibuka8 Juli 1939Direnovasi1999ArsitekD. MonshouwerData teknisKapasitas12.500PemakaiN.E.C. Nijmegen (1945-sekarang) Stadion Goffert (se…
15th Japan Record AwardsDateDecember 31, 1973VenueImperial Garden Theater, TokyoHosted byKeizo Takahashi, Mitsuko Mori, Hiroshi TamaokiTelevision/radio coverageNetworkTBS ← 14th · Japan Record Awards · 16th → The 15th Annual Japan Record Awards took place at the Imperial Garden Theater in Chiyoda, Tokyo, on December 31, 1973, starting at 7:00PM JST. The primary ceremonies were televised in Japan on TBS. Award winners Japan Record Award Hiroshi Itsuki for Yozora …
Type of shop Ironmonger redirects here. For other uses, see Ironmonger (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Ironmongery – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) An ironmonger's shop in Pickering, North Yorksh…
Ministry of Culture of the Republic of AzerbaijanAzərbaycan Respublikasının Mədəniyyət NazirliyiAgency overviewFormed18 April 195320 April 2018JurisdictionGovernment of AzerbaijanHeadquartersAzadliq Avenue 1, Government House, Baku, Azerbaijan Republic AZ1000Agency executiveAdil Karimli, MinisterMurad Huseynov, Deputy MinisterSaadat Yusifova, Deputy MinisterFarid Jafarov, Deputy MinisterWebsitewww.culture.gov.az The Ministry of Culture of Azerbaijan Republic (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respu…
North Germanic language DanishdanskThe first page of the Jutlandic Law originally from 1241 in Codex Holmiensis, copied in 1350. The first sentence is: Mæth logh skal land byggas Modern orthography: Med lov skal land bygges English translation: With law shall a country be builtPronunciation[ˈtænˀsk][1]Native toDenmarkSchleswig-Holstein (Germany)RegionDenmark, Schleswig-Holstein (Germany);Additionally in the Faroe Islands and GreenlandEthnicity Danes Native speakers6.0 mi…
2022 single by Jungkook feat Fahad Al Kubaisi DreamersSingle by Jungkook featuring Fahad Al Kubaisifrom the album FIFA World Cup 2022 Official Soundtrack LanguageEnglishArabicReleasedNovember 20, 2022 (2022-11-20)StudioKatara Studios (Doha)Length 3:21 3:59 (Fahad Al Kubaisi version) Label2101Songwriter(s) Jungkook Mustapha El Ouardi Pat Devine RedOne Producer(s)RedOneJungkook singles chronology Left and Right (2022) Dreamers (2022) Seven (2023) Music videoDreamers on YouTube D…
American curator, producer and director Kamilah ForbesForbes at the Hip-Hop Theater Festival Anniversary in 2010BornChicago, Illinois, USANationalityAmericanAlma materHoward UniversityOccupations Director Producer Curator Years active2000–presentEmployerApollo Theater (2016–present) Kamilah Forbes is an American curator, producer, and director. She created and directed the Hip Hop Theater Festival from 2000 to 2016. She has held directing roles for television and theater production…
For other rivers of the same name, see Saraswati River. Saraswati River Saraswati River is a tributary of Alaknanda River flowing in Uttarakhand State, India.[1] It joins Alaknanda River at Keshav Prayag, near Mana village, Badrinath. The confluence of rivers Alaknanda and Bhagirathi at Devprayag in the state of Uttarakhand, forms and flows as river Ganga or The Ganges from the point forward.[2][3] A natural stone bridge, named Bhim Pul,[4] lays across flowing Sar…
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