Bahasa Hainan

Bahasa Hainan
海南話, Hhai3 nam2 ue1, Hái-nâm-oe
Qiongwen, Hainan Min
Pengucapan[hai˨˩˧ nam˨˩ ue˨˧] (dialek Haikou)
Dituturkan diTiongkok, Singapura, Thailand
WilayahHainan
EtnisSuku Hainan
Penutur
Sekitar 5 juta di Tiongkok (2002)[1]
Bentuk awal
Dialek
Aksara Tionghoa[butuh rujukan]

Pinyin Hainan

Hainan Romanized
Kode bahasa
ISO 639-3hnm
LINGUIST List
LINGUIST list sudah tidak beroperasi lagi
nan-hai
Glottologhain1238[5]
Linguasfer79-AAA-k
Lokasi penuturan
  Hainan
Ragam-ragam bahasa Hainan yang dituturkan di Hainan.
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 Portal Bahasa
L • B • PW   
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Kitab Kejadian dalam bahasa Bǽh-oe-tu, yang diterbitkan oleh Lembaga Alkitab Britania Raya

Bahasa Hainan (Romanisasi Hainan: Hái-nâm-oe, Pinyin Hainan: Hhai3 nam2 ue1, Hanzi sederhana: 海南话; Hanzi tradisional: 海南話; Pinyin: Hǎinánhuà), juga dikenal sebagai Qiongwen (Hanzi sederhana: 琼文话; Hanzi tradisional: 瓊文話), Qiongyu (琼语; 瓊語) atau Min Hainan (海南闽语; 海南閩語) [6] adalah sekelompok ragam bahasa Tionghoa Min yang dituturkan di provinsi pulau Hainan di Tiongkok bagian selatan, dan komunitas Tionghoa perantauan, seperti di Singapura dan Thailand.

Dalam klasifikasi Yuan Jiahua, bahasa ini dimasukkan ke dalam kelompok Min Selatan, meskipun tidak dapat dipahami dengan ragam Min Selatan lainnya seperti bahasa Hokkian-Taiwan dan Tiochiu.[7] Dalam klasifikasi Li Rong, yang digunakan oleh Language Atlas of China, bahasa ini diperlakukan sebagai subkelompok Min yang terpisah. [8] Hou Jingyi menggabungkannya dengan bahasa Leizhou, yang dituturkan di daratan Semenanjung Leizhou, dalam kelompok Qiong-Lei.[9] "Bahasa Hainan" juga digunakan untuk bahasa orang Li yang tinggal di Hainan, tetapi secara umum mengacu pada ragam-ragam bahasa Min yang dituturkan di Hainan.

Catatan

  1. ^ Bahasa Min diyakini berasal dari bahasa Tionghoa Kuno, bukan bahasa Tionghoa Pertengahan seperti bahasa Tionghoa lainnya.[2][3][4]

Rujukan

  1. ^ Hou, Jingyi 侯精一 (2002). Xiàndài Hànyǔ fāngyán gàilùn 现代汉语方言概论 [An Introduction to Modern Chinese Dialects]. Shanghai Educational Press 上海教育出版社. hlm. 207–208. 
  2. ^ Mei, Tsu-lin (1970), "Tones and prosody in Middle Chinese and the origin of the rising tone", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 30: 86–110, doi:10.2307/2718766, JSTOR 2718766 
  3. ^ Pulleyblank, Edwin G. (1984), Middle Chinese: A study in Historical Phonology, Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, hlm. 3, ISBN 978-0-7748-0192-8 
  4. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2023-07-10). "Glottolog 4.8 - Min". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962alt=Dapat diakses gratis. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-10-13. Diakses tanggal 2023-10-13. 
  5. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, ed. (2023). "Hainan". Glottolog 4.8. Jena, Jerman: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 
  6. ^ "为新加坡琼属"寻根"的热心人——王振春". Hainan.gov (dalam bahasa Tionghoa). 中新海南网. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 March 2020. Diakses tanggal 22 March 2020. 他组织演出琼语话剧《海南四条街》,搬上新琼舞台,引起两地海南人的共鸣。 
  7. ^ Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., ed. (2017). Ethnologue: Languages of the World (edisi ke-20th). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Chinese, Min Nan. 
  8. ^ Kurpaska, Maria (2010). Chinese Language(s): A Look Through the Prism of "The Great Dictionary of Modern Chinese Dialects". Walter de Gruyter. hlm. 54–55, 86. ISBN 978-3-11-021914-2. 
  9. ^ Hou, Jingyi 侯精一 (2002). Xiàndài Hànyǔ fāngyán gàilùn 现代汉语方言概论 [An Introduction to Modern Chinese Dialects]. Shanghai Educational Press 上海教育出版社. hlm. 238. 

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