Autoimunitas

Penyakit autoimun dapat memengaruhi lokasi yang berbeda di tubuh.

Autoimunitas adalah kegagalan suatu organisme untuk mengenali bagian dari dirinya sendiri sebagai bagian dari dirinya, yang membuat sistem imun melawan sel dan jaringan miliknya sendiri.[1] Penyakit Autoimun adalah kondisi ketika sistem kekebalan tubuh seseorang menyerang tubuhnya sendiri. Ada lebih dari 80 penyakit yang digolongkan sebagai penyakit Autoimun, di antaranya memiliki gejala seperti lelah, nyeri otot, dan demam.[2]

Beberapa penyakit yang dihasilkan dari kelainan respons imun ini dinamakan penyakit autoimun. Contohnya meliputi penyakit celiac, diabetes melitus tipe 1, lupus eritematosus sistemik, sindrom Sjögren, Churg-Strauss Syndrome, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Penyakit Basedow atau penyakit Graves', idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, skleroderma dan artritis reumatoid (RA).

Gejala penyakit Autoimun

Penyebab penyakit Autoimun belum diketahui pasti. Namun ada beberapa pemicu yang diduga meningkatkan resiko penyakit ini, yaitu:[2]

  • Sering merasa lemas
  • Otot pegal atau nyeri sendi
  • Ruam pada kulit
  • Demam
  • Bengkak pada sendi atau wajah
  • Rambut rontok
  • Sulit konsentrasi
  • Kesemutan pada tangan atau kaki

Kapan harus ke dokter

Lakukan pemeriksaan ke dokter jika mengalami gejala awal yang telah disebutkan di atas, terutama jika Anda berisiko menderita penyakit autoimun. Segera ke dokter jika gejala tersebut tak kunjung membaik, makin memburuk, atau jika Anda mengalami gejala yang spesifik.[2]

Referensi

  1. ^ "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-06-28. Diakses tanggal 2016-06-03. 
  2. ^ a b c "Penyakit Autoimun". Alodokter. 2018-03-09. Diakses tanggal 2023-12-20. 

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