Armenia Raya

Armenia Raya, juga disebut sebagai Armenia Besar (bahasa Armenia: Մեծ Հայք, translit. Mets Hayk), adalah nama untuk menyebut daerah Armenia yang muncul di Dataran Tinggi Armenia pada masa pemerintahan Raja Artaksias I pada pergantian abad ke-2 SM. Istilah ini juga pernah digunakan untuk merujuk terutama pada lima belas provinsi yang membentuk kerajaan sepanjang masa Abad Kuno Akhir dan Abad Pertengahan oleh penulis non-Armenia pada saat itu.^[1]

Cakupan

Meskipun perbatasannya tidak pernah ditentukan secara pasti, Armenia Raya biasanya merujuk pada bentangan tanah mulai dari Sungai Efrat di barat, wilayah Artsakh dan bagian dari apa yang sekarang disebut Azerbaijan dan Azerbaijan Iran di timur, bagian dari negara modern Georgia di utara, dengan batas selatan mengelilingi ujung utara Mesopotamia.

Kekaisaran Romawi menyebut daerah ini sebagai Armenia Maior, sedangkan bangsa Yunani Kuno menyebutnya sebagai Armenia Megale (Ἀρμενία Μεγάλη), untuk membedakannya dari Armenia Kecil (Pok'r Hayk′).^[2] Nama ini kemudian digunakan untuk membedakannya dari kerajaan pada Abad Pertengahan yang didirikan di Kilikia, yang terkadang disebut sebagai Armenia Kecil.

Peta

Peta-peta Armenia Raya

Keamiran Armenia pada abad ke-9 M.
Armenia pada peta Cosmografia oleh Ptolemaios.
Peta Armenia, Mesopotamia, Babilonia, dan Asyur yang berdampingan, digambar oleh Karl von Spruner, diterbitkan pada tahun 1865.

Lihat pula

Armenia Kecil

Referensi

Catatan kaki

^ Hewsen, Robert H. "The Geography of Armenia," in The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times, vol. 1: The Dynastic Periods: From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century, ed. Richard G. Hovannisian. (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997), p. 15.
^ (dalam bahasa tidak diketahui) Yeremyan, Suren. "Mets Hayk'," Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia, vol. 7, pp. 434-36.

Daftar pustaka

Adontz, Nicholas. Armenia in the Period of Justinian: The Political Conditions Based on the Naxarar System, trans. Nina Garsoïan (Lisbon: Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, 1970).
Hewsen, Robert H. Armenia: A Historical Atlas (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 2001).

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